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====Forelimb====

====Forelimb====

'''Superficial digital flexor'''

The function of the '''superficial digital flexor''' is to facilitate flexion of the digits. It originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus and inserts on the palmar aspect of the middle phalanges. The '''deep digital flexor''' muscle also allows flexion of the digits. It originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus, proximal radius and ulna. It inserts on the palmar aspect of distal phalanges. The '''common digital extensor''' is an extensor of the digits and originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. It inserts on the extensor process of the distal phalanx. The '''lateral digital extensor''' also allows  extension of the digits. It originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and inserts on the proximal phalanx.

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====Hindlimb====

====Hindlimb====

'''Long Digital Extensor'''

The '''long digital extensor''' muscle allows extension of the digits. It originates from the extensor fossa of the lateral femoral condyle and inserts in the  flexor aspect of the tarsus and branches which continue onto the extensor process of each of the distal phalanges. It divides into four branches at the level of the tarsus and are bound by the fibrous transverse bands of the proximal and distal retinaculum and are enclosed by a common synovial sheath. The '''lateral digital extensor''' also allows extension of the digits. It originates from the proximal fibula and lateral collateral ligament of the stifle. It joins to the tendon of the long digital extensor to insert on the distal phalanx of the 5th digit. The '''long extensor of the first digit''' muscle allows extension of the first phalange. It originates from the proximal fibula and inserts on the metatarsophalangeal joint of the 2nd and 1st digit. The '''superficial digital flexor''' muscle provides digital flexion. It originates from the supracondylar tuberosity of the femur and is firmly united to the lateral head of the gastrocnemius. It inserts on the middle phalanx of the 2nd to 5th digits. The muscle belly converges into a strong tendon at mid-tibial level and runs medially to the gastrocnemius to the point of the hock forming a broad cap. This cap is held in place by medial and lateral retinaculae. A ''synovial bursa'' lies between this cap and the calcaneal tuberosity. It then runs over the plantar aspect of the hock and splits twice at the level of the dorsal tarsal bones, thus forming it's four branches for insertion. The '''deep digital flexor'' muscle consists of three seperate heads; the ''caudal tibial muscle'', the ''lateral digital flexor muscle'' and the ''medial digital flexor muscle'' which all facilitate flexion of the digits. The '''lateral digital flexor''' muscle originates on the caudal surface of the tibia and fibula and inserts by fusing with the medial digital flexor tendon on the plantar aspect of the tarsus forming the deep flexor tendon. This then branches and inserts on the distal phalanx of each digit. The origin of the '''medial digital flexor''' is the head of the fibula and the popliteal line of the tibia. It inserts by fusing with the medial digital flexor tendon forming the deep flexor tendon. The

'''caudal tibial''' muscle originates on the caudomedial surface of the tibia and the tendon then radiates into the medial ligaments of the tarsus and doesn't form part of the deep flexor tendon.

This muscle allows extension of the digits. It originates from the extensor fossa of the lateral femoral condyle and inserts in the  flexor aspect of the tarsus and branches which continue onto the extensor process of each of the distal phalanges. It divides into four branches at the level of the tarsus and are bound by the fibrous transverse bands of the proximal and distal retinaculum and are enclosed by a common synovial sheath.

'''Lateral Digital Extensor'''

This muscle allows extension of the digits. It originates from the proximal fibula and lateral collateral ligament of the stifle. It joins to the tendon of the long digital extensor to insert on the distal phalanx of the 5th digit.

'''Long Extensor of the first digit'''

This muscle allows extension of the first phalange. It originates from the proximal fibula and inserts on the metatarsophalangeal joint of the 2nd and 1st digit.

'''Superficial Digital Flexor'''

This muscle provides digital flexion. It originates from the supracondylar tuberosity of the femur and is firmly united to the lateral head of the gastrocnemius. It inserts on the middle phalanx of the 2nd to 5th digits. The muscle belly converges into a strong tendon at mid-tibial level and runs medially to the gastrocnemius to the point of the hock forming a broad cap. This cap is held in place by medial and lateral retinaculae. A ''synovial bursa'' lies between this cap and the calcaneal tuberosity. It then runs over the plantar aspect of the hock and splits twice at the level of the dorsal tarsal bones, thus forming it's four branches for insertion.

'''Deep Digital Flexor'''

This muscle consists of three seperate heads; the ''caudal tibial muscle'', the ''lateral digital flexor muscle'' and the ''medial digital flexor muscle'' which all facilitate flexion of the digits.

'''Lateral digital flexor'''

This muscle originates on the caudal surface of the tibia and fibula and inserts by fusing with the medial digital flexor tendon on the plantar aspect of the tarsus forming the deep flexor tendon. This then branches and inserts on the distal phalanx of each digit.

'''Medial digital flexor'''

The origin of this muscle is the head of the fibula and the popliteal line of the tibia. It inserts by fusing with the medial digital flexor tendon forming the deep flexor tendon.

'''Caudal tibial'''

This muscle originates on the caudomedial surface of the tibia and the tendon then radiates into the medial ligaments of the tarsus and doesn't form part of the deep flexor tendon.

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