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→Diagnosis
* Chimerism (XX/XY) of [[Haematopoiesis - Overview|haematopoeitic cells]]. Blood tests can be used to demonstrate different chromosome complement in nucleated leukocytes and presence of two blood groups in each twin.
* Chimerism (XX/XY) of [[Haematopoiesis - Overview|haematopoeitic cells]]. Blood tests can be used to demonstrate different chromosome complement in nucleated leukocytes and presence of two blood groups in each twin.
* Rectal palpation and vaginoscopy reveal a shortened vagina
* Rectal palpation and vaginoscopy reveal a shortened vagina
** In calves 1-4 weeks old, the [[/Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Vagina/Vestibule_- Anatomy & Physiology|vagina]] is normally 13-15cm in length compared to 5-6cm in a freemartin.
** In calves 1-4 weeks old, the vagina is normally 13-15cm in length compared to 5-6cm in a freemartin.
* Vulva and vestibule patent but [[/Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Vagina/Vestibule_- Anatomy & Physiology|vestibule or vagina]] is blind-ended - can be checked using speculum or probe.
* Vulva and vestibule patent but vestibule or vagina is blind-ended - can be checked using speculum or probe.
== Morphology ==
== Morphology ==