| Line 31: |
Line 31: |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| − | ==Glycogen Infiltration== | + | ==[[Glycogen Infiltration]]== |
| − | | |
| − | * Glycogen is normally present in substantial amounts in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] and muscle.
| |
| − | ** Is a readily utilisable source of energy.
| |
| − | * Moderate glycogen infiltration in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]]:
| |
| − | ** Grossly - doesn't have much effect.
| |
| − | ** Histologically - shows up as foamy cytoplasmic vacuoles, similar to that of fat.
| |
| − | * Some conditions may result in an increase in glycogen deposits.
| |
| − | ** [[DM|'''Diabetes mellitus''']]
| |
| − | *** Gives an increase in hepatic glycogen stores.
| |
| − | *** May be overshadowed by the increased fat in the hepatocytes, and therefore difficult to see.
| |
| − | **** Renal tubular deposits are more easily observed.
| |
| − | ** '''Excessive glucocorticoids'''
| |
| − | *** Could be due to:
| |
| − | **** Hyperadrenocortism
| |
| − | **** Animals being maintained on glucocorticoid therapy over a long period of time.
| |
| − | ***** Has more dramatic effect.
| |
| − | *** Huge amounts of glycogen infiltration.
| |
| − | **** [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|Liver]] appears larger and paler.
| |
| − | **** Vacuoles may be so extensive that the rest of the cytoplasm appear as pink strands passing from the nucleus to the plasma membrane.
| |
| − | ***** A "feathery appearance" or "web-like effect".
| |
| − | ** '''Glycogen storage diseases'''
| |
| − | *** Due to an inherited deficiency of an enzyme required for the breakdown of glycogen to glucose.
| |
| − | **** Cells continuously accumulate glycogen.
| |
| − | *** Seen in all tissues of the body but exerts its major effect in the CNS.
| |
| − | * Selective staining must be employed to distinguish glycogen vacuoles from fatty vacuoles in the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]].
| |
| − | ** Alcohol fixation is preferred.
| |
| − | ** Best's Carmine is the commonly used stain.
| |
| − | *** Stains the intracellular glycogen red.
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | [[Category:Degenerations and Infiltrations]]
| |
| | | | |
| | | | |