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| − | {{review}}
| + | #REDIRECT[[:Category:Integumentary System - Immunologic Pathology]] |
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| − | {{toplink
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| − | |backcolour = FFCCCC
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| − | |linkpage =Integumentary System - Pathology
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| − | |linktext =Integumentary System
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| − | |maplink = Integumentary System (Content Map) - Pathology
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| − | |pagetype =Pathology
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| − | }}
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| − | <br>
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| − | ==General==
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| − | *Classification:
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| − | **Hypersensitivity - response to normally harmless substances
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| − | **Auto-immune - antobodies or T-cells reactive against self-antigens
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| − | *Mostly involves mixture of types described below
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| − | ===Type I reactions===
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| − | ===Type II reactions===
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| − | ===Type III reactions===
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| − | ===Type IV reactions===
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| − | ==Hypersensitivity reactions==
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| − | ===[[Allergic Contact Dermatitis]]===
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| − | ===[[Atopy]]===
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| − | ===[[Culicoides Hypersensitivity]]===
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| − | ===[[Flea Bite Hypersensitivity]]===
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| − | ==Autoimmune reactions==
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| − | ===Bullous pemphigoid===
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| − | *Dogs and horses
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| − | *Involves oral cavity, mucocutaneous junctions, groin and axilla
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| − | *Subepidermal vesicles and bullae
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| − | *Antibodies bound to basement membrane
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| − | *Grossly:
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| − | **Similar to [[Skin Immunologic - Pathology#Pemphigus|Pemphigus vulgaris]]
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| − | *Microscopically:
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| − | **Bullae containing fibrin, [[Neutrophils|neutrophils]] or [[Eosinophils|eosinophils]]
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| − | **Basement membrane forms floor of bullae and roof is lined with basal cells
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| − | *Bullae may rupture -> ulcers
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| − | ===Dermatomyositis===
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| − | *See also [[Muscles Developmental - Pathology#Canine dermatomyositis|Canine dermatomyositis]]
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| − | *Affects puppies of collies and shetland sheepdogs from 8 weeks of age
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| − | *Lesions - vesiculating dermatitis
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| − | **Face, lips, external ears, later distal extremities
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| − | *Microscopically: interface dermatitis and basal cell degeneration of epidermis and follicular wall, atrophy of follicles, epidermal vesicles and pustules, dermal scarring
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| − | ===Lupus erythematosus===
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| − | *'''Systemic (SLE)'''
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| − | **Multiple organs involved
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| − | **Cats, dogs, horses
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| − | **Immune dysregulation:
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| − | ***Damaged T-cell suppressor function, either primary deficiency or antibody mediated
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| − | ***Cytokine dysregulation
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| − | ***Resulting B-cell hyperactivity -> antibodies to self antigens -> antigen-antibody complexes deposited in various tissues -> Type III hypersensitivity
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| − | **Lesions localised or generalised
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| − | **Erythema, alopecia, depigmentation, crusting and scaling, ulceration
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| − | **Microscopically: lymphohistiocytic interface dermatitis, thickened basement membrane, vasculitis, subepidermal vesicles, basal cell degeneration
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| − | *'''Discoid'''
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| − | **Milder variant of systemic
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| − | **Depigmentation, erythema, scaling, erosions, ulceration, crusting
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| − | **Usually involves nasal planum, dorsum of muzzle, occasionally pinnae, lips, oral mucosa or periocular area
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| − | **Microscopically: lichenoid interface dermatitis, often with lymphocytes, plasma cells, basal cell degeneration, loss of pigment
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| − | ===[[Pemphigus]]===
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