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Contagious Porcine Pleuropneumonia (view source)
Revision as of 18:45, 6 March 2011
, 18:45, 6 March 2011no edit summary
== Synonyms ==
[[Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae]]
== Clinical signs ==
and epidemiology:
*Diagnosis:
**Haemorrhagic consolidation close to the main bronchi and fibrinous pleuritis may be suggestive
Acute disease in susceptible herds with high morbidity and mortality (up to 50%)
**Specimens are cultured on chocolate agar and blood agar in 5-10% carbon dioxide for 2-3 days
**Small colonies surrounded by clear haemolysis
In acute outbreaks, pigs may be dyspnoeic, pyrexic or anorexic
**No growth on MacConkey agar
**Positive CAMP reaction with ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]''
Blood-stained froth surrounding nose and mouth
**Most strains are NAD-dependent (grow on Heated Blood agar)
**Immunofluorescent- or PCR-based techniques
Cyanosis
Pregnant sows abort
Causes [[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Actinobacillus_pleuropneumoniae|pneumonia]] in pigs
Carrier herds have some immunity, protecting from acute disease, where lesions are often subclinical, and deaths sporadic
Lung scarring and pleural adhesions in many recovered animals
Solid immunity develops in recovered animals to all serotypes
The disease is spread between herds by carrier pigs
*Diagnosis:
**Haemorrhagic consolidation close to the main bronchi and fibrinous pleuritis may be suggestive
**Specimens are cultured on chocolate agar and blood agar in 5-10% carbon dioxide for 2-3 days
**Small colonies surrounded by clear haemolysis
**No growth on MacConkey agar
**Positive CAMP reaction with ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]''
**Most strains are NAD-dependent (grow on Heated Blood agar)
**Immunofluorescent- or PCR-based techniques
**The bacteria on the [[Tonsils - Anatomy & Physiology#Palatine|palatine tonsil]] may remain undetected by serological tests and swabbing, and can therefore cause an outbreak in naive pigs
**The bacteria on the [[Tonsils - Anatomy & Physiology#Palatine|palatine tonsil]] may remain undetected by serological tests and swabbing, and can therefore cause an outbreak in naive pigs
*Treatment:
*Treatment:
**Antibiotics depending on the strain of bacteria
**Antibiotics depending on the strain of bacteria
**Prophylactic antibiotics for in-contact pigs
**Prophylactic antibiotics for in-contact pigs
*Control:
*Control:
**Killed and polyvalent bacterin vaccines as well as a subunit vaccine are available
**Killed and polyvalent bacterin vaccines as well as a subunit vaccine are available
**Improve ventilation, avoid chilling and overcrowding
**Improve ventilation, avoid chilling and overcrowding
*Caused by [[Haemophilus pleuropneumonia|''Haemophilus (Actinobacillus) pleuropneumonia'']]
*Caused by [[Haemophilus pleuropneumonia|''Haemophilus (Actinobacillus) pleuropneumonia'']]
*Seen mainly between 6wks-6mths of age but will affect any age
*Seen mainly between 6wks-6mths of age but will affect any age
*Highly pathogenic strains are capable of initiating disease on their own with high mortality in young pigs
*Highly pathogenic strains are capable of initiating disease on their own with high mortality in young pigs
*A fibrinonecrotic [[Bronchitis#Infectious causes of bronchitis or bronchiolitis|broncho]][[Pneumonia Overview#Infectious causes of pneumonia|pneumonia]] with [[Pleuritis|pleurisy]]
*A fibrinonecrotic [[Bronchitis#Infectious_causes_of_bronchitis_or_bronchiolitis|broncho]][[Pneumonia Overview#Infectious_causes_of_pneumonia|pneumonia]] with [[Pleuritis|pleurisy]]
*Foci of haemorrhagic consolidation or necrosis, mainly around major bronchi, tend to sequestrate
*Foci of haemorrhagic consolidation or necrosis, mainly around major bronchi, tend to sequestrate
*Tending to spread throughout all lung lobes: therefore a cranioventral distribution may not be particularly evident
*Tending to spread throughout all lung lobes: therefore a cranioventral distribution may not be particularly evident
[[Category:Respiratory_Diseases_-_Pig]] [[Category:To_Do_-_Kate]] [[Category:Respiratory_Bacterial_Infections]]
[[Category:Respiratory Diseases - Pig]][[Category:To_Do_-_Kate]]
[[Category:Respiratory_Bacterial_Infections]]