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== Synonyms ==
Porcine intestinal adenomatosis
Characteristic proliferation of mucosa.
====Sequelae====
==== Clinical ====
* Resolution.
*Really only seen in the pig.
* Necrotic enteritis.
**Can affect all ages of pig.
* Secondary chronic infection (regional enteritis).
*Clinical signs are variable.
* Porcine haemorrhgaic enteritis (PHE).
**Anything from poor weight gain to diarrhoea, weight loss, cachexia and death.
*Seen often as problem in closed, low infection herds.
**Not seen in pigs with lots of other pathogens in guts.
==== Pathogenesis ====
[[Category:Enteritis,_Proliferative]][[Category:Intestinal Diseases - Pig]][[Category:Enteritis,_Bacterial]]
*Caused by [[Lawsonia intracellularis|''Lawsonia intracellularis'']].
[[Category:To_Do_-_Kate]]
**A spirochete that does not grow well except in tissue culture.
==== Pathology ====
*The terminal [[Small Intestine Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] and [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]] are affected by proliferation of the mucosal epithelium.
*'''Gross'''
**Thickened mucosal epithelium.
**Has almost polypoid-like nodules several millimetres in diameter.
**Undifferentiated epithelium replaces goblet cells.
***Appears almost neoplastic.
*'''Histologically'''
**Very similar to a virus induced proliferation.
**Organisms seen in the apical part of epithelial cells lining glands of terminal [[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|ileum]], [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]] and [[Caecum - Anatomy & Physiology|caecum]].
**May produce mild ulceration in mucosa and mild inflammatory infiltration.
<br>
*Porcine adenomatosis complex can be divided into four distinct syndromes:
*#'''Intestinal adenomatosis'''
*#*THe basic hyperplastic and metaplastic changes are seen in the epithelium. [[Image:Porcine intestinal adenomatosis campylobacter.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Campylobacter mucosalis in intracellular porcine intestinal adenomatosis (Courtesy of Bristol BioMed Image Archive)]]
*#*Causes chronic weight loss and diarrhoea.
*#'''Necrotic enteritis'''
*#*Predominately affects the [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]] and terminal [[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|ileum]].
*#*Parts of the hyperplastic mucosa develop erosions and ulcerations.
*#**These areas become [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colonised]] by ''Fusiformis'' baceria.
*#***Gives areas of coagulative necrosis covered by a thick diptheretic membrane.
*#'''Terminal ileitis'''
*#*Characterised by marked hypertrophic thickening of the muscular portion of the wall of the terminal [[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|ileum]].
*#*Gives an attendant stenosis of the lumen of the [[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|ileum]].
*#*There is associated thickening of the mucosa due to hypertrophy and secondary granulomatous inflammation.
*#**This is presumably caused by a degree of obstruction to the passage of ingesta along the bowel caused by the mucosal hypertrophy.
*#*Appears very similar to Johnes disease
*#**Lots of mononuclear cells and a chronic granulomatous type of inflammation.
*#'''Proliferative haemorrhagic syndrome'''.
*#*The bowel shows proliferation but with ulceration and copious haemorrhage into the bowel lumen.
*#*Animals are often be found dead.
*#*The pathogenesis is unclear.
*#**May involve a type of hypersensitivity reaction or secondary infection of some type.
==== Sequelae ====
*Resolution.
*Necrotic enteritis.
*Secondary chronic infection (regional enteritis).
*Porcine haemorrhgaic enteritis (PHE).
[[Category:Enteritis,_Proliferative]] [[Category:Intestinal_Diseases_-_Pig]] [[Category:Enteritis,_Bacterial]] [[Category:To_Do_-_Kate]]