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CNS Response to Injury - Pathology (view source)

Revision as of 12:33, 8 March 2011

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==[[Glial Cell Response to Injury]]==
 
==[[Glial Cell Response to Injury]]==
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* The order of susceptibility of CNS cells to injury runs, from most to least susceptible:
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*# Neurons
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*# Oligodendroglia
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*# Astrocytes
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*# Microglia
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*# Endothelial cells
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===Astrocytes===
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* The response of astrocytes to insult include:
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** '''Necrosis'''
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** '''Astrocytosis'''
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*** An increase in the number of astrocytes (i.e. astrocyte hyperplasia).
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** '''Astrogliosis'''
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*** An increase in the size of astrocytes (i.e. astrocyte hypertrophy).
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** '''Gliosis'''
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*** Formation of glial fibres.
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*** This is a form of scarring in the CNS.
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===Oligodendrocytes===
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* Oligodendrocytes are prone to hypoxia and degeneration
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* Oligodendrocytes proliferate around damaged neurons.
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** This is known as '''satellitosis'''.
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* Death of oligodendrocytes causes demyelination.
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===Microglial Cells===
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* Microglial cells can respond in two ways to CNS injury.
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*# They may phagocytose cell debris to transform to gitter cells.
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*#* Gitter cells are large macrophages with foamy cytoplasm. [http://w3.vet.cornell.edu/nst/nst.asp?Fun=F_KSsrch&kw=GITTER View images courtesy of Cornell Veterinary Medicine]
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*# They may form glial nodules.
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*#* These are small nodules that occur notably in viral diseases.
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[[Category:CNS Response to Injury]]
       
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