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Created page with "{{Template:Manson}} centre|500px <br /> '''A farmer complains of apparent sudden-onset profound depression and blindness in 12 of 300 6-month-ol..."
{{Template:Manson}}
[[Image:Sheep Medicine 4.jpg|centre|500px]]
<br />
'''A farmer complains of apparent sudden-onset profound depression and blindness in 12 of 300 6-month-old lambs. When confined, the lambs are found head-pressing and there is frequent teeth-grinding. There are no cranial nerve deficits. The lambs are poorly grown (18–24 kg) with a dirty open fleece. The lambs have poor abdominal fill and there is faecal staining of the perineum and tail. The lambs are grazing permanent grassland in a National Park used extensively by the general public for walking their dogs.'''
<br />
<FlashCard questions="4">
|q1=What conditions would you consider?
|a1=The most likely conditions to consider include:
*severe cobalt deficiency causing white liver disease
*PEM
*sulphur toxicity
*subacute fasciolosis
*sarcocystosis
*hepatotoxin
*acute coenurosis
*focal symmetrical encephalomalacia. <br>
The poor growth rates of this group of lambs could be the result of poor grazing, overstocking, PGE, and trace element deficiency acting alone or in various combinations. <br>
The neurological signs are consistent with a diffuse cortical lesion – most likely a hepatic encephalopathy.
|l1=
|q2=How would you investigate this problem?
|a2=
*Faecal worm egg counts average 400 epg. No fluke eggs are seen.
*Liver enzyme concentrations (AST, GLDH, and GGT) are raised four- to six-fold in the four lambs sampled.
*Serum vitamin B 12 concentration from six lambs reveal very low levels (mean <88.6 pmol/L, <120 pg/mL).
|l2=
|q3=What treatments would you administer?
|a3=
All lambs should be treated with vitamin B 12 by intramuscular injection.<br>
The worst affected lambs were given 4 L of diluted oral rehydration solution by orogastric tube to stimulate appetite.<br><br>
Two of 12 lambs failed to respond to vitamin B 12 and supportive therapy and were euthanased for welfare reasons. <br>
Necropsy revealed a pale and friable liver.
|l3=
|q4=How would you prevent a similar problem next year?
|a4=
The low unit cost of cobalt sulphate allows routine inclusion in anthelmintic drenches (commercial ‘SC’ preparations, or at inclusion rates of 15–30 g per 10 L of 2.25% benzimidazole or 1.5% levamisole drench).
|l4=
</FlashCard>
{{#tag:imagemap|Image:Next Question.png{{!}}center{{!}}200px
rect 0 0 860 850 [[Sheep Medicine Q&A 05|Sheep Medicine Q&A 05]]
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[[Category:Sheep Medicine Q&A]]
[[Image:Sheep Medicine 4.jpg|centre|500px]]
<br />
'''A farmer complains of apparent sudden-onset profound depression and blindness in 12 of 300 6-month-old lambs. When confined, the lambs are found head-pressing and there is frequent teeth-grinding. There are no cranial nerve deficits. The lambs are poorly grown (18–24 kg) with a dirty open fleece. The lambs have poor abdominal fill and there is faecal staining of the perineum and tail. The lambs are grazing permanent grassland in a National Park used extensively by the general public for walking their dogs.'''
<br />
<FlashCard questions="4">
|q1=What conditions would you consider?
|a1=The most likely conditions to consider include:
*severe cobalt deficiency causing white liver disease
*PEM
*sulphur toxicity
*subacute fasciolosis
*sarcocystosis
*hepatotoxin
*acute coenurosis
*focal symmetrical encephalomalacia. <br>
The poor growth rates of this group of lambs could be the result of poor grazing, overstocking, PGE, and trace element deficiency acting alone or in various combinations. <br>
The neurological signs are consistent with a diffuse cortical lesion – most likely a hepatic encephalopathy.
|l1=
|q2=How would you investigate this problem?
|a2=
*Faecal worm egg counts average 400 epg. No fluke eggs are seen.
*Liver enzyme concentrations (AST, GLDH, and GGT) are raised four- to six-fold in the four lambs sampled.
*Serum vitamin B 12 concentration from six lambs reveal very low levels (mean <88.6 pmol/L, <120 pg/mL).
|l2=
|q3=What treatments would you administer?
|a3=
All lambs should be treated with vitamin B 12 by intramuscular injection.<br>
The worst affected lambs were given 4 L of diluted oral rehydration solution by orogastric tube to stimulate appetite.<br><br>
Two of 12 lambs failed to respond to vitamin B 12 and supportive therapy and were euthanased for welfare reasons. <br>
Necropsy revealed a pale and friable liver.
|l3=
|q4=How would you prevent a similar problem next year?
|a4=
The low unit cost of cobalt sulphate allows routine inclusion in anthelmintic drenches (commercial ‘SC’ preparations, or at inclusion rates of 15–30 g per 10 L of 2.25% benzimidazole or 1.5% levamisole drench).
|l4=
</FlashCard>
{{#tag:imagemap|Image:Next Question.png{{!}}center{{!}}200px
rect 0 0 860 850 [[Sheep Medicine Q&A 05|Sheep Medicine Q&A 05]]
desc none}}
[[Category:Sheep Medicine Q&A]]