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5-20% cases are peracute and present as sudden death. This is thought to be due to sequelae such as adrenal gland involvement or rupture of abomasal ulcers etc.
 
5-20% cases are peracute and present as sudden death. This is thought to be due to sequelae such as adrenal gland involvement or rupture of abomasal ulcers etc.
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Other signs are multicentric and non-specific:
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Other signs are multisystemic and non-specific:
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Cardiovascular – Dysrhythmmias, jugular distension, tachycardia, murmurs
 
Cardiovascular – Dysrhythmmias, jugular distension, tachycardia, murmurs
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Gastrointestinal – Anorexia, hepatomegaly, dysphagia, constipation or diarrhoea, abomasal tympany, hypomotility
 
Gastrointestinal – Anorexia, hepatomegaly, dysphagia, constipation or diarrhoea, abomasal tympany, hypomotility
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Retrobulbar tumours sometimes cause blindness and other ocular signs.
 
Retrobulbar tumours sometimes cause blindness and other ocular signs.
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Neurological signs and lameness also sometimes occur due to local tumour growth.
 
Neurological signs and lameness also sometimes occur due to local tumour growth.
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Animals are usually afebrile.
 
Animals are usually afebrile.
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Infected animals become permanent carriers.
 
Infected animals become permanent carriers.
  
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