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<FlashCard questions="11">

<FlashCard questions="11">

|q1=What type of bacteria is ''Actinobacillus suis''?

|q1=What type of bacteria is ''Actinobacillus suis''?

|a1= A.suis is a beta-haemolytic Gram-negative bacterium.

|a1= ''A.suis'' is a beta-haemolytic Gram-negative bacterium.

|l1=Actinobacillus suis#Introduction

|l1=Actinobacillus suis#Introduction

|q2=What family does ''A.suis'' belong to?

|q2=What family does ''A.suis'' belong to?

|a2= Pasteurellaceae

|a2= ''Pasteurellaceae''

|l2=Actinobacillus suis#Introduction

|l2=Actinobacillus suis#Introduction

|q3=How do the strains of ''A.suis'' differ?

|q3=How do the strains of ''A.suis'' differ?

|a3=  

|a3=  

Strains have differences in their:

Strains have differences in their:

*Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)known as 'O' antigens - variants O1,O2 and O3.

*Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) known as 'O' antigens - variants O1,O2 and O3.

*Capsules (CPS)refered to as'K' antigen - variants K1, K2 and K3.

*Capsules (CPS) refered to as'K' antigen - variants K1, K2 and K3.

|l3=Actinobacillus suis#Introduction

|l3=Actinobacillus suis#Introduction

|q4=Which strains are most commonly isolated from from clinical cases?

|q4=Which strains are most commonly isolated from clinical cases?

|a4=  

|a4=  

*O1/K1

*O1/K1

|a5= O2/K2

|a5= O2/K2

|l5=Actinobacillus suis#Introduction

|l5=Actinobacillus suis#Introduction

|q6=What species does ''A.suis'' cause disease in?

|q6=What species does ''A.suis'' mainly casue disease in?

|a6=  

|a6=  

*Actinobacillosis in pigs

*Pigs (majority)

*Neonatal calfs

*Neonatal calfs

*Waterfowl

*Waterfowl

*Horses

*Horses

|l6=Actinobacillus suis#Introduction

|l6=Actinobacillus suis#Introduction

|q7=What toxins does ''A.suis'' encode for?  

|q7=What toxins do ''A.suis'' encode for?  

|a7= Similar toxins to apxI and apxII of A. pleuropneumoniae, but they are less virulent. Once an animal is infected with A.suis it can provide partial cross protection against ''A. pleuropneumoniae''.

|a7= Similar toxins to apxI and apxII of A. pleuropneumoniae, but they are less virulent. Once an animal is infected with A.suis it can provide partial cross protection against ''A. pleuropneumoniae''.

|l7=Actinobacillus suis#Introduction

|l7=Actinobacillus suis#Introduction

|q8=What are the wild hosts of ''A.suis''?

|q8=What are the wild hosts for ''A.suis''?

|a8=  

|a8=  

*anatidae (ducks, geese and swans)  

*Anatidae (ducks, geese and swans)  

*Coypu

*Coypu

A.suis can also affect domestic species including cattle, sheep, goats, alpacas, zebu, dogs, cats and tentive links to equine disease have been recorded (although this is thought to be be an A.suis-like microorganism rather than A.suis itself).  

A.suis can also affect domestic species including cattle, sheep, goats, alpacas, zebu, dogs, cats and tentive links to equine disease have been recorded (although this is thought to be be an A.suis-like microorganism rather than A.suis itself).  

|q9=What diseases does ''A.suis'' cause?

|q9=What diseases does ''A.suis'' cause?

|a9=  

|a9=  

*actinobacillosis in pigs

*Actinobacillosis in pigs

*Pneumonia and localised infections in neonatal calfs

*Pneumonia and localised infections in neonatal calfs

*Airsaculitis in waterfowl

*Airsaculitis in waterfowl

*Polyarthritis in alpacas  

*Polyarthritis in alpacas  

* Septicaemia, acute haemorrhagic pulmonary infarction and necrotizing pneumonia in horses (tentative link)

*Septicaemia, acute haemorrhagic pulmonary infarction and necrotizing pneumonia in horses (tenuous link)

|l9=Actinobacillus suis#Clinical signs

|l9=Actinobacillus suis#Clinical signs

|q10=What is the epidemiology of ''A.suis''?

|q10=What is the epidemiology of ''A.suis''?