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|species =''D.gallinae''
|species =''D.gallinae''
}}
}}
Also Known As: '''''Poultry Mite — Red Poultry Mite — Chicken Mite'''''
Also Known As '''''– Poultry mite – Red poultry mite – Chicken mite'''''
==Introduction==
==Introduction==
''D. gallinae'' are spider like mites. They are '''white or grey in colour and become red''' when engorged with blood after feeding. They have few hairs on their body and have hooks on their long legs.
''D. gallinae'' are spider like mites. They are '''white or grey in colour and become red''' when engorged with blood after feeding. They have few hairs on their body and have hooks on their long legs.
''D. gallinae'' is considered one of the most '''serious pests''' of poultry.
''D. gallinae'' is considered one of the most '''serious pests''' of poultry. It may also act as a vector for diseases such as [[Salmonellosis]] and [[Borrelia anserina|avian spirochaetosis]] and others in mammalian livestock although this is still poorly understood.
It may also act as a vector for diseases such as [[Salmonellosis]] and [[Borrelia anserina|avian spirochaetosis]] and others in mammalian livestock although this is still poorly understood.
''D. gallinae'' can also be '''zoonotic''', causing dermatitis and skin lesions in people.
''D. gallinae'' can also be '''zoonotic''', causing dermatitis and skin lesions in people.
==Distribution==
==Distribution==
Europe, USA and most of Northern Hemisphere
Europe, USA and most of Northern Hemisphere.
==Signalment==
==Signalment==
The primary host is the chicken but a range of domestic and wild birds can be infected<ref> Moss, W. W (1978) '''The mite genus Dermanyssus: a survey, with description of Dermanyssus trochilinis, n. sp. and a revised key to the species (Acari: Mesostigmata: Dermanyssisdae)'''. J Med Entomology 14:627-640</ref>. The mites can also affect mammals and people<ref>Hoffman, G (1987) '''Vogelmilben als Lästlinge Krankenheitsserzeuger und Vektoren bei Mensch und Nutztier.''' Deutsche Tierärztliche Woschenschrift, 95:7-10.</ref>, usually those close to bird accommodation and infections are usually transient, presenting only when inadequate avian hosts are available.
The primary host is the chicken but a range of domestic and wild birds can be infected<ref> Moss, W. W (1978) '''The mite genus Dermanyssus: a survey, with description of ''Dermanyssus trochilinis'', n. sp. and a revised key to the species (Acari: Mesostigmata: Dermanyssisdae)'''. ''J Med Entomology'' 14:627-640</ref>. The mites can also affect mammals and people<ref>Hoffman, G (1987) '''Vogelmilben als Lästlinge Krankenheitsserzeuger und Vektoren bei Mensch und Nutztier.''' ''Deutsche Tierärztliche Woschenschrift'', 95:7-10.</ref>, usually those close to bird accommodation, and infections are usually transient, presenting only when inadequate avian hosts are available.
Chicks and young birds are more susceptible.
Chicks and young birds are more susceptible.
==Life Cycle==
==Life Cycle==
''D. gallinae'' progresses through '''5 life stages''': egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph and adult<ref>Maurer, V., Baumgärtner, J (1992). '''Temperature influence on life table statistics of the chicken mite Dermanyssus gallinae (Acari: Dermanyssidae)'''. Experimental & Applied Acarology, 15(1):27-40; 19.</ref>.
''D. gallinae'' progresses through '''5 life stages''': egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph and adult<ref>Maurer, V., Baumgärtner, J (1992). '''Temperature influence on life table statistics of the chicken mite ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' (Acari: Dermanyssidae)'''. ''Experimental & Applied Acarology'', 15(1):27-40; 19.</ref>. Each stage except the larval requires a bloodmeal in order to transform to the next.<ref>Collins, D. S., Cawthorne, R. J. G (1976) '''Mites in poultry houses'''. ''Agric Northern Ireland,'' 51:24-26</ref>
Each stage except the larval requires a bloodmeal in order to transform to the next.<ref>Collins, D. S., Cawthorne, R. J. G (1976) '''Mites in poultry houses'''. Agric Northern Ireland, 51:24-26</ref>
Development takes around '''1 week''' in total in optimal conditions. Adults spend most of their time away from the host and can survive several months without feeding. Most bloodfeeding occurs at night.
Development takes around '''1 week''' in total in optimal conditions. Adults spend most of their time away from the host and can survive several months without feeding. Most bloodfeeding occurs at night.
==Control==
==Control==
Control is also via environmental and bird applied [[Ectoparasiticides|ectoparasiticides]].
Control is also via environmental and bird applied [[Ectoparasiticides|ectoparasiticides]].
{{Learning
{{Learning
|literature search=
|literature search= [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=%22Dermanyssus+gallinae%22&occuring1=title&rowId=2&options2=AND&q2=&occuring2=freetext&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&x=39&y=10&publishedstart=yyyy&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' publications]
|flashcards = [[Mites Flashcards]]
|flashcards = [[Mites Flashcards]]
}}
}}
==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references/>
Animal Health & Production Compendium, '''Dermanyssus gallinae datasheet''', accessed 21/06/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/
Animal Health & Production Compendium, '''Dermanyssus gallinae datasheet''', accessed 21/06/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/
{{review}}
[[Category:CABI Expert Review]]
[[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Birds]]
[[Category:Zoonoses]]
[[Category:Non-Burrowing_Mites]] [[Category:Avian Parasites]]
[[Category:Non-Burrowing_Mites]] [[Category:Avian Parasites]]