Changes

Also Known As –'''''Coronaviral Encephalomyelitis - Coronaviral Enteritis – Epidemic Viral Diarrhoea – Ontario Encephalitis - PED – EVD – TOO (The Other One)'''''

Also Known As: '''''Coronaviral Encephalomyelitis — Coronaviral Enteritis — Epidemic Viral Diarrhoea — Ontario Encephalitis — PED — EVD — TOO (The Other One)'''''

Caused By – ''Porcine - Diarrhoea Virus – PEDV – CV777''

Caused By: '''''Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus — PEDV — CV777'''''

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea is a ''' [[Nervous System|neurological]] and [[Alimentary System|gastrointestinal]] disease''' of pigs caused by a ''' [[Coronaviridae|coronavirus]].'''  

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea is a '''neurological''' and '''gastrointestinal disease''' of pigs caused by a '''[[Coronaviridae|coronavirus]].'''  

EDV is very similar to the coronavirus that causes '''[[Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus]] (TGE)''', also in pigs.  

EDV is very similar to the coronavirus that causes '''[[Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus]] (TGE)''', also in pigs.  

   

   

==Distribution==

==Distribution==

Worldwide

Worldwide. Transmission is purely '''faecal-oral.'''

==Signalment==

==Signalment==

Disease is most severe in '''neonatal pigs''' as they are more susceptible to dehydration.

Disease is most severe in '''neonatal pigs''' as they are more susceptible to dehydration.

'''Mortality''' in neonatal pigs is increased and may reach up to '''50% in pigs <1 week of age''', but is generally not as high as with [[Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus|TGE]].

'''Mortality''' in neonatal pigs is increased and may reach up to '''50% in pigs <1 week of age''', but is generally not as high as with [[Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus|TGE]].

'''Pyrexia, Watery [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]] and marked dehydration.'''

'''Gastrointestinal''' disease presents with '''pyrexia, watery [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]] and marked dehydration, vomiting/regurgitation, anorexia''', bruxism, inappetance and abdominal pain.

'''Vomiting/Regurgitation, Anorexia''', Bruxism, Inappetance, Abdominal pain.

'''Neurological disease''' is often a result of dehydration and may include '''weakness, paresis/paralysis, trembling, recumbency, coma''', irritability, seizures, hyperaesthesia, blindness and nystagmus.

 

Neurological disease is often a result of dehydration and may include '''weakness, paresis/paralysis, trembling, recumbency, coma''', irritability, seizures, hyperaesthesia, blindness, nystagmus.

Skin signs, e.g. erythematous rash may be seen when dehydration is severe.

Skin signs, e.g. erythematous rash may be seen when dehydration is severe.

==Diagnosis==

==Diagnosis==

PEDV can be demonstrated by '''Immunofluorescence (IF) or Immunohistochemistry (IHC)''' applied to sections of small intestines from pigs '''euthanased less than 1 day after the onset of diarrhoea.''' This is the most sensitive, reliable and rapid method of achieving definitive diagnosis.

PEDV can be demonstrated by '''[[Immunofluorescence]] (IF) or Immunohistochemistry (IHC)''' applied to sections of small intestines from pigs '''euthanased less than 1 day after the onset of diarrhoea.''' This is the most sensitive, reliable and rapid method of achieving definitive diagnosis.

PEDV '''antigen''' can be detected via '''[[ELISA testing|ELISA]]''' from '''faeces'''. This is useful for group disease screening.

PEDV '''antigen''' can be detected via '''[[ELISA testing|ELISA]]''' from '''faeces'''. This is useful for group disease screening.

==Treatment==

==Treatment==

'''Free access to water'''.

Treatment is supportive by providing '''free access to water'''. '''Electrolyte solutions and energy supplements''' are recommended in piglets. '''Withholding feed''' is advisable in fattening swine.  

 

'''Electrolyte solutions and energy supplements''' are recommended in piglets.

 

'''Withholding feed''' is advisable in fattening swine.  

==Control==

==Control==

Animal Health & Production Compendium, '''Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea''' datasheet, accessed 19/06/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/

Animal Health & Production Compendium, '''Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea''' datasheet, accessed 19/06/2011 @ http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/

[[Category:To Do - CABI review]]

 

 

[[Category:Coronaviridae]]

[[Category:Intestinal Diseases - Pig]][[Category:Neurological Diseases - Pig]]

[[Category:CABI Expert Review]]