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Contagious Ovine Digital Dermatitis (view source)
Revision as of 07:36, 23 July 2011
, 07:36, 23 July 2011Created page with "Also known as: '''''CODD''''' ==Introduction== Contagious Ovine Digital Dermatitis is an apparently new, severe condition causing '''lameness in sheep''', first reported in 1997..."
Also known as: '''''CODD'''''
==Introduction==
Contagious Ovine Digital Dermatitis is an apparently new, severe condition causing '''lameness in sheep''', first reported in 1997. The aetiology remains unclear but it is associated with the presence of '''spirochaetes''' similar to those found in bovine digital dermatitis.
Differentiating CODD from classic '''foot rot''' can be difficult in some cases.
==Clinical signs==
'''Acute lameness''' is the primary presenting sign, and the affected foot is often carried.
The primary lesion starts '''at the coronary band''' with rapid invasion and '''underrunning of the hoof wall''' from the coronary band downwards. This can result in complete '''shedding of the horn capsule''' of one or several claws. Regrowth of horn can be permanently affected.
There is sometimes loss of hair above the coronary band but usually '''no interdigital involvement'''.
Usually only one claw on one foot is affected.
==Diagnosis==
Diagnosis can be made if the '''characteristic progression of clinical signs''' is present.
However diagnosis can be made difficult if the lesions do not follow a pattern or if there is concurrent foot root infection.
The response to conventional treatment can help distinguish between CODD and foot rot, as CODD cases may fail to respond.
'''Microbiological examination''' can be carried out in suitable anaerobic conditions, and failure to demonstrate the organism responsible for footrot ''Dichelobacter nodosus'' might indicate CODD is present. However this is rarely performed.
==Treatment and prevention==
Conventional antibiotic treatments are usually ineffective in cases of CODD, but it might be worth '''test-treating''' animals with long-acting oxytetracycline and zinc sulphate footbaths before resorting to unlicenced treatments in case it is just a case of virulent foot rot.
'''Tilmycosin''' injections have been shown to be effective in treating CODD although they are an expensive option.
'''Antibiotic footbaths''' with '''lincomycin/spectinomycin''' or '''tilmycosin''' can be used once or twice at 48-hour intervals.
If the feet have been permanently damaged by the disease, '''culling''' might be the best option.
'''Prevention''': Effective prevention of the more common reasons for lameness in sheep such as '''scald and foot rot''' may help reduce the incidence of CODD. This includes: pasture management to avoid excessive damp areas, regular footbathing, regular examination of the flock, '''prompt separation and treatment of affected sheep''', culling chronically affected sheep, '''quarantine of replacement stock'''.
==References==
Winter, A. (2004) '''Lameness in sheep: Diagnosis, treatment and control''', ''In Practice'' 26: 58-63 and 26: 130-139
Aitken, I. (2007) '''Diseases of sheep''', ''Wiley-Blackwell''
Hindson, J., Winter, A. (2002) '''Manual of sheep diseeases''', ''John Wiley and Sons''
[[Category:To Do - Helen]]
[[Category:To Do - Review]]
==Introduction==
Contagious Ovine Digital Dermatitis is an apparently new, severe condition causing '''lameness in sheep''', first reported in 1997. The aetiology remains unclear but it is associated with the presence of '''spirochaetes''' similar to those found in bovine digital dermatitis.
Differentiating CODD from classic '''foot rot''' can be difficult in some cases.
==Clinical signs==
'''Acute lameness''' is the primary presenting sign, and the affected foot is often carried.
The primary lesion starts '''at the coronary band''' with rapid invasion and '''underrunning of the hoof wall''' from the coronary band downwards. This can result in complete '''shedding of the horn capsule''' of one or several claws. Regrowth of horn can be permanently affected.
There is sometimes loss of hair above the coronary band but usually '''no interdigital involvement'''.
Usually only one claw on one foot is affected.
==Diagnosis==
Diagnosis can be made if the '''characteristic progression of clinical signs''' is present.
However diagnosis can be made difficult if the lesions do not follow a pattern or if there is concurrent foot root infection.
The response to conventional treatment can help distinguish between CODD and foot rot, as CODD cases may fail to respond.
'''Microbiological examination''' can be carried out in suitable anaerobic conditions, and failure to demonstrate the organism responsible for footrot ''Dichelobacter nodosus'' might indicate CODD is present. However this is rarely performed.
==Treatment and prevention==
Conventional antibiotic treatments are usually ineffective in cases of CODD, but it might be worth '''test-treating''' animals with long-acting oxytetracycline and zinc sulphate footbaths before resorting to unlicenced treatments in case it is just a case of virulent foot rot.
'''Tilmycosin''' injections have been shown to be effective in treating CODD although they are an expensive option.
'''Antibiotic footbaths''' with '''lincomycin/spectinomycin''' or '''tilmycosin''' can be used once or twice at 48-hour intervals.
If the feet have been permanently damaged by the disease, '''culling''' might be the best option.
'''Prevention''': Effective prevention of the more common reasons for lameness in sheep such as '''scald and foot rot''' may help reduce the incidence of CODD. This includes: pasture management to avoid excessive damp areas, regular footbathing, regular examination of the flock, '''prompt separation and treatment of affected sheep''', culling chronically affected sheep, '''quarantine of replacement stock'''.
==References==
Winter, A. (2004) '''Lameness in sheep: Diagnosis, treatment and control''', ''In Practice'' 26: 58-63 and 26: 130-139
Aitken, I. (2007) '''Diseases of sheep''', ''Wiley-Blackwell''
Hindson, J., Winter, A. (2002) '''Manual of sheep diseeases''', ''John Wiley and Sons''
[[Category:To Do - Helen]]
[[Category:To Do - Review]]