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Foals in the early stages of clinical disease may not show any specific signs, instead appearing ''''off-suck'''' (inspecting the dams udder can give some indication of when the foal last suckled). This may be accompanied by '''lethargy''', '''malaise''', frequent '''recumbancy''' and '''pyrexia'''. The bacteria may '''localise''' in different organs, producing clinical signs directly related to that organ:
Foals in the early stages of clinical disease may not show any specific signs, instead appearing ''''off-suck'''' (inspecting the dams udder can give some indication of when the foal last suckled). This may be accompanied by '''lethargy''', '''malaise''', frequent '''recumbancy''' and '''pyrexia'''. The bacteria may '''localise''' in different organs, producing clinical signs directly related to that organ:
* Ocular localisation produces '''hypopyon''' and '''iritis'''
* Cardiac localisation produces '''tachycardia'''
* Gastrointestinal localisation produces '''ileus, colic and diarrhoea'''
* Integumentary localisation produces '''anasarca'''
* Integumentary localisation produces '''anasarca'''
* Locomotor localisation produces '''joint effusion and/or septic arthritis'''
* Locomotor localisation produces '''joint effusion and/or septic arthritis'''
* Cardiac localisation produces '''tachycardia'''
* Neurological localisation produces '''seizures and depression'''
* Ocular localisation produces '''hypopyon''' and '''iritis'''
* Respiratory localisation produces '''polypnoea'''
* Respiratory localisation produces '''polypnoea'''
* Urogenital localisation produces '''anuria'''
* Urogenital localisation produces '''anuria'''
The disease may then advance to '''septic shock'''. Clinical signs include prolonged recumbancy, depression, dehydration, and tachycardia with cold extremities, weak thready pulses, slow capillary refill time and muddy mucous membranes; indicative of hypotension. Dependant on the organs affected, signs of individual or multiple organ dysfunction may be present.
The disease may then advance to '''septic shock'''. Clinical signs include prolonged recumbancy, depression, dehydration, and tachycardia with cold extremities, weak thready pulses, slow capillary refill time and muddy mucous membranes; indicative of hypotension. Dependant on the organs affected, signs of individual or multiple organ dysfunction may be present.
==Prognosis==
==Prognosis==
Dependant on the severity of clinical signs and the individual organs affected. '''Early recognition and aggressive treatment''' are key to an improved prognosis.
Dependant on the severity of clinical signs and the individual organs affected. '''Early recognition and aggressive treatment''' are key to an improved prognosis.
==References==
==References==