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Created page with "{{Template:Manson Sparkes}} [[Image:|centre|500px]] <br /> '''A lead II ECG is shown. The paper speed is 25 mm/second and amplitude is set so that 1 cm is equivalent to 1 mV.'..."
{{Template:Manson Sparkes}}
[[Image:|centre|500px]]
<br />
'''A lead II ECG is shown. The paper speed is 25 mm/second and amplitude is set so that 1 cm is equivalent to 1 mV.'''
<br />
<FlashCard questions="4">
|q1=What is the heart rate?
|a1=
The easiest way to assess heart rate on an ECG is to count the number of complexes present in 6 seconds and then multiply this number by 10 to obtain a heart rate in beats per minute. <br><br>
In this question, only a short trace is included which means that this technique cannot be used.
*Since the heart rhythm is regular, the heart rate can be calculated by measuring the distance between the QRS complexes.
*If the paper speed is 25 mm/second, there will be 1500 mm/minute, thus the heart rate is 1500 ÷ distance between two complexes.
*Using the formula in this case, the heart rate is estimated to be 100 beats per minute.
|l1=
|q2=Is the heart rate regular?
|a2=
Yes, the heart rate is very regular.
|l2=
|q3=Describe the complexes present.
|a3=
There are no visible P waves and the QRS complexes are wider than they should be (around 0.06 seconds; normal QRS duration is <0.04 seconds). <br><br>
It is also important to check the traces from other leads for presence of P waves.
|l3=
|q4=What is your assessment of this ECG?
|a4=
This is an example of atrial standstill with an escape rhythm. Failure of atrial activity (which can be confirmed on echocardiography) may be present because of
*hyperkalaemia (e.g. hypoadrenocorticism, diabetes mellitus ketoacidosis, lower urinary tract obstruction),
*toxicity (e.g. digoxin), or
*severe cardiac disease. <br><br>
Escape rhythms are characterized by their slow rate and wide QRS complexes and they occur when the normal pacemaker tissue fails to discharge for a prolonged period. <br><br>
Ventricular escape rhythms originating in the tissues closest to the atrioventricular node (junctional escape complexes) appear most like normal QRS complexes, as in this example.
|l4=
</FlashCard>
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[[Category:Feline Medicine Q&A]]
[[Image:|centre|500px]]
<br />
'''A lead II ECG is shown. The paper speed is 25 mm/second and amplitude is set so that 1 cm is equivalent to 1 mV.'''
<br />
<FlashCard questions="4">
|q1=What is the heart rate?
|a1=
The easiest way to assess heart rate on an ECG is to count the number of complexes present in 6 seconds and then multiply this number by 10 to obtain a heart rate in beats per minute. <br><br>
In this question, only a short trace is included which means that this technique cannot be used.
*Since the heart rhythm is regular, the heart rate can be calculated by measuring the distance between the QRS complexes.
*If the paper speed is 25 mm/second, there will be 1500 mm/minute, thus the heart rate is 1500 ÷ distance between two complexes.
*Using the formula in this case, the heart rate is estimated to be 100 beats per minute.
|l1=
|q2=Is the heart rate regular?
|a2=
Yes, the heart rate is very regular.
|l2=
|q3=Describe the complexes present.
|a3=
There are no visible P waves and the QRS complexes are wider than they should be (around 0.06 seconds; normal QRS duration is <0.04 seconds). <br><br>
It is also important to check the traces from other leads for presence of P waves.
|l3=
|q4=What is your assessment of this ECG?
|a4=
This is an example of atrial standstill with an escape rhythm. Failure of atrial activity (which can be confirmed on echocardiography) may be present because of
*hyperkalaemia (e.g. hypoadrenocorticism, diabetes mellitus ketoacidosis, lower urinary tract obstruction),
*toxicity (e.g. digoxin), or
*severe cardiac disease. <br><br>
Escape rhythms are characterized by their slow rate and wide QRS complexes and they occur when the normal pacemaker tissue fails to discharge for a prolonged period. <br><br>
Ventricular escape rhythms originating in the tissues closest to the atrioventricular node (junctional escape complexes) appear most like normal QRS complexes, as in this example.
|l4=
</FlashCard>
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rect 0 0 860 850 [[Feline Medicine Q&A 02|Feline Medicine Q&A 02]]
desc none}}
[[Category:Feline Medicine Q&A]]