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Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 11:08, 11 August 2011
, 11:08, 11 August 2011→Trochlear nerve (IV)
The oculomotor nerve has a pre-ganglionic nucleus in the midbrain and the nerve passes through the '''orbital fissure''', along with the trochlear, abducens and opthalmic branch (V1) of the trigeminal nerve. It synapses in the ciliary ganglion of the eye. During a clinical examination, horizontal eye movements (strabismus) or an abscent pupillary light reflex (PLR) may indicate a problem.
The oculomotor nerve has a pre-ganglionic nucleus in the midbrain and the nerve passes through the '''orbital fissure''', along with the trochlear, abducens and opthalmic branch (V1) of the trigeminal nerve. It synapses in the ciliary ganglion of the eye. During a clinical examination, horizontal eye movements (strabismus) or an abscent pupillary light reflex (PLR) may indicate a problem.
===Trochlear nerve (IV)===
===Trochlear nerve (IV)===
The trochlear nerve is part of the cranial nerve group responsible for innervation of the muscles of the head. The trochlear nerve originates from the dorsal mid-brain and is a motor nerve. It is composed of '''general somatic efferent fibres''' and is the smallest of the cranial nerves. The nerve is specifically responsible for the 'dorsal oblique muscle' muscle of the eye and also passes through the '''orbital fissure'''.
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During a clinical examination, a dorso-lateral strabismus may indicate a problem with this nerve.
===Abducent nerve (VI)===
The abducent nerve is part of the cranial nerve group responsible for innervation of the muscles of the head. The abducent nerve originates from the medulla oblongata and is a motor nerve. It is composed of '''general somatic efferent fibres''' which are responsible for controlling the 'lateral rectus' muscle and the 'restractor bulbi' muscle of the eye. The nerve passes through the '''orbital fissure''' and can be found within the same layer of the meninges as the opthalmic branch (V1) of the trigeminal nerve (V).
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During a clinical examination, medial deviation stribismus may indicate a problem with this nerve.
===Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)===
===Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)===