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Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Q&A 09 (view source)
Revision as of 11:37, 17 August 2011
, 11:37, 17 August 2011Created page with "<br /> '''A two-year-old mixed-breed bitch had four puppies 16 days ago. The puppies seem healthy but the owners report that the dam is salivating, walking stiffly, panting and ..."
<br />
'''A two-year-old mixed-breed bitch had four puppies 16 days ago. The puppies seem healthy but the owners report that the dam is salivating, walking stiffly, panting and has muscle tremors.'''
<br />
<FlashCard questions="4">
|q1=What is your tentative diagnosis?
|a1=
Eclampsia.
|l1=
|q2=What potential problems in the dam should be ruled out with your initial data base and physical examination?
|a2=
Hypocalcemia is often accompanied by hyperthermia, dehydration, hypoglycemia and cardiac arrhythmias.
|l2=
|q3=What is your management plan for this case?
|a3=
Ten percent calcium gluconate (0.5–1.5 ml/kg) should be administered slowly i/v until clinical signs regress. The drug must be discontinued if bradycardia or other arrhythmias are noted on ECG. Vomition or ‘licking the lips’ are indications that i/v administration should be discontinued.
A second dose of calcium gluconate (1–2 ml/kg) can be given s/c if it is diluted 50:50 with saline.
Fever, dehydration and hypoglycemia can be managed with i/v fluid therapy.
Ideally, the pups should be removed and hand raised, but if they are allowed to remain with the dam, she should receive oral calcium supplementation (25–50 mg/kg/day divided every 8 hours) until lactation is completed.
|l3=
|q4=What problems have been associated with oral and parenteral calcium administration?
|a4=
Calcium supplementation prior to whelping inhibits parathormone secretion and makes the dam more prone to hypocalcemia during lactation.
If i/v calcium is administered too rapidly, cardiac arrhythmias may result. Oversupplementation with calcium may cause arrhythmias, neurologic impairment, GI dysfunction and renal failure.
Calcium chloride must never be administered i/m or s/c, as tissue necrosis and skin sloughs can occur.
|l4=
</FlashCard>
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[[Category:Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Q&A]]
'''A two-year-old mixed-breed bitch had four puppies 16 days ago. The puppies seem healthy but the owners report that the dam is salivating, walking stiffly, panting and has muscle tremors.'''
<br />
<FlashCard questions="4">
|q1=What is your tentative diagnosis?
|a1=
Eclampsia.
|l1=
|q2=What potential problems in the dam should be ruled out with your initial data base and physical examination?
|a2=
Hypocalcemia is often accompanied by hyperthermia, dehydration, hypoglycemia and cardiac arrhythmias.
|l2=
|q3=What is your management plan for this case?
|a3=
Ten percent calcium gluconate (0.5–1.5 ml/kg) should be administered slowly i/v until clinical signs regress. The drug must be discontinued if bradycardia or other arrhythmias are noted on ECG. Vomition or ‘licking the lips’ are indications that i/v administration should be discontinued.
A second dose of calcium gluconate (1–2 ml/kg) can be given s/c if it is diluted 50:50 with saline.
Fever, dehydration and hypoglycemia can be managed with i/v fluid therapy.
Ideally, the pups should be removed and hand raised, but if they are allowed to remain with the dam, she should receive oral calcium supplementation (25–50 mg/kg/day divided every 8 hours) until lactation is completed.
|l3=
|q4=What problems have been associated with oral and parenteral calcium administration?
|a4=
Calcium supplementation prior to whelping inhibits parathormone secretion and makes the dam more prone to hypocalcemia during lactation.
If i/v calcium is administered too rapidly, cardiac arrhythmias may result. Oversupplementation with calcium may cause arrhythmias, neurologic impairment, GI dysfunction and renal failure.
Calcium chloride must never be administered i/m or s/c, as tissue necrosis and skin sloughs can occur.
|l4=
</FlashCard>
{{#tag:imagemap|Image:Next Question.png{{!}}center{{!}}200px
rect 0 0 860 850 [[Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Q&A 10|Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Q&A 10]]
desc none}}
[[Category:Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Q&A]]