Changes

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OT binds to receptors in the membrane of target cells which activates phospholipase C. OT facilitates the generation of the driving pressure behind pushing the milk towards the large excretory ducts and the teats.

 

OT can also be synthesised by the corpus luteum. In males the target tissue for OT is smooth muscle within the epididymal tail, ductus deferens and the ampulla. In females OT targets the uterine myometrium and endometrium together with cells of the mammary glands. In the male OT stimulates PGF2α synthesis and facilitates the pre-ejaculatory movement of spermatozoa. In females, OT stimulates uterine motility and the synthesis of PGF2α from the uterus. It also begins milk 'let-down' or ejection.

===Estradiol (E₂)===

===Estradiol (E₂)===