1,454
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
no edit summary
==Causes==
==Causes==
===Cats===
'''Infectious causes''':
'''Infectious causes''':
'''Idiopathic'''
'''Idiopathic'''
===Dogs===
'''Infectious causes''':
:''Brucella canis''
:''Borrelia burgdorferi''
:''Leptospira''
:Septicaemia of any cause
:''Leishmania''
:''Toxoplasma''
:''Erlichia canis''
:''Rickettsia rickettsii''
:Adenovirus infection
:Distemper virus
:Herpes virus
:Rabies
:Systemic mycoses (cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis..)
'''Neoplastic and paraneoplastic disorders''': histiocytic proliferative disease, hyperviscosity syndrome, GME, primary (melanoma) and secondary (lymphoma) neoplasms.
'''Metabolic causes''': Diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia, systemic hypertension
'''Immune-mediated''': cataracts, immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, immune-mediated vasculitis, phacoclastic uveitis, [[Canine Uveodermatologic Syndrome|uveodermatologic syndrome]]
'''Miscellaneous''': drug-induced, idiopathic, pigmentary uveitis in the Golden Retriever, radiation therapy, trauma, toxaemia of any cause, ulcerative keratitis.
==Clinical Signs==
==Clinical Signs==
Animals will usually present because the owner has noticed a change in one or both eyes. There is usually a '''colour change''', cloudy or red most commonly.
The condition may be '''unilateral or bilateral'''. Bilateral disease is more common with systemic and auto-immune diseases, whereas trauma usually lead to unilateral signs.
The condition may be '''unilateral or bilateral'''. Bilateral disease is more common with systemic and auto-immune diseases, whereas trauma usually lead to unilateral signs.
'''Acute uveitis''' causes: pain, ciliary flush, miosis, aqueous flare, spongy swollen iris, decreased intra-ocular pressure
'''Acute uveitis''' causes: pain, ciliary flush, miosis, aqueous flare, spongy swollen iris, corneal oedema, decreased intra-ocular pressure
'''Hyphaema''' may be present and make the eye appear red.
'''Hyphaema''' may be present and make the eye appear red.
A fundus examination may reveal '''chorioretinitis and retinal detachment'''.
A fundus examination may reveal '''chorioretinitis and retinal detachment'''.
With '''chronic uveitis''', additional signs may include: neovascularisation of the iris, changes in iris pigmentation, secondary iris atrophy, synechiae, glaucoma and blindness.
With '''chronic uveitis''', additional signs may include: neovascularisation of the iris, changes in iris pigmentation, secondary iris atrophy, synechiae, cataract, glaucoma, lens luxation and blindness.
==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
'''Serological testing''' for ''Toxoplasma'', FeLV, FIV
'''Serological testing''' for ''Toxoplasma'', FeLV, FIV
Additional diagnostic tests are selected according to diseases that are endemic to a particular practice area or on suspicion of a particular disease.
Often, a precice aetiological diagnosis is not possible, and idiopathic uveitis is a diagnosis of exclusion.
==Treatment==
==Treatment==
{{Learning
{{Learning
|flashcards = [[Feline Medicine Q&A 16]]
|flashcards = [[Feline Medicine Q&A 16]]
[[Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Q&A 14]]
}}
}}