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*Grow on MacConkey agar (in presence of bile salts)
*Grow on MacConkey agar (in presence of bile salts)
*Reduce nitrates to nitrits and ferment glucose to produce acid and gas
*Reduce nitrates to nitrits and ferment glucose to produce acid and gas
*Possess a lipolysaccharide O antigen, a flagellate H antigen, polysaccharide K antigens and fimbrial F antigens
*Possess a lipolysaccharide (O) antigen, a flagellate (H) antigen, polysaccharide capsule (K) antigens and fimbrial (F) antigens
*Epidemiological typing of ''E. coli'' uses antigen combinations, eg. O125:K12:H42
*Epidemiological typing of ''E. coli'' uses antigen combinations, eg. O125:K12:H42
===Extra-intestinal infection===
===Extra-intestinal infection===
*Soft tissue infections in adult animals
*Most common organism infecting urinary tract
*Causes pyometra in the dog and cat and pyelonephritis
*Acute mastitis in lactating animals
*Pathogenesis:
**Produces an alpha-haemolysin which may be cytotoxic
**Iron aquisition system
**K antigens prevent phagocytosis or mimic host antigens and resist complement
**Fimbriae permit adhesion to mucosal surfaces