Changes

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

Abnormal wear of [[:Category:Teeth - Anatomy & Physiology|teeth]] in herbivores may result from '''irregular grinding of molars''' as well as from periodontal disease. This is especially a problem in horses but occurs in any animal with continuously-growing teeth.

Abnormal wear of [[:Category:Teeth - Anatomy & Physiology|teeth]] in herbivores may result from '''irregular grinding of molars''' as well as from [[Periodontal Disease|periodontal disease]]. This is especially a problem in horses but occurs in any animal with continuously-growing teeth.

In horses, some common stereotypical behavious such as '''crib biting''' or wind sucking may also have an impact on tooth wear.  

In horses, some common stereotypical behaviours such as '''crib biting''' or wind sucking may also have an impact on tooth wear.  

==Pathophysiology==

==Pathophysiology==

[[Dental Malocclusion|'''Malocclusion of teeth''']] may also occur as a result of malformations of the jaws.  

[[Dental Malocclusion|'''Malocclusion of teeth''']] may also occur as a result of malformations of the jaws.  

Mandibular brachygnathism ('''parrot mouth''') horses tend to have hooks at the front of the first upper cheek teeth and at the back of the last lower cheek teeth.

Mandibular brachygnathism ('''parrot mouth'''): horses tend to have hooks at the front of the first upper cheek teeth and at the back of the last lower cheek teeth.

The opposite occurs in horses with mandibular prognathism (sow mouth).

The opposite occurs in horses with mandibular prognathism ('''sow mouth''').

'''Vices''' such as crib biting will lead to characteristic abnormal wear patterns such as increased wear of the '''upper front incisors''' due to the horse biting down on the stable door or other objects.

'''Vices''' such as crib biting will lead to characteristic abnormal wear patterns such as increased wear of the '''upper front incisors''' due to the horse biting down on the stable door or other objects.

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=References==

==References==

Pascoe, R. (2009) '''Equine Dentistry''' ''RVC Student Notes''

Pascoe, R. (2009) '''Equine Dentistry''' ''RVC Student Notes''

Furr, M. (2008) '''Equine Neurology''' ''John Wiley and Sons''

Furr, M. (2008) '''Equine Neurology''' ''John Wiley and Sons''

[[Category:Teeth_-_Pathology]]

[[Category:Teeth_-_Pathology]]

[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]]

[[Category:Dental Diseases - Horse]]

[[Category:Oral Diseases - Horse]]

[[Category:Expert Review - Horse]]

[[Category:To Do - Helen]]

[[Category:To Do - Review]]