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− | {{review}}
| + | ==Introduction== |
| [[Image:Crypto_lump_copy.jpg|100px|thumb|right|'''Mid-body swelling''' © RVC]] | | [[Image:Crypto_lump_copy.jpg|100px|thumb|right|'''Mid-body swelling''' © RVC]] |
− | ==Introduction==
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| [[Cryptosporidium|''Cryptosporidium'']] spp. are [[Protozoa|protozoa]] of the phylum Apicomplexa and commonly cause gastrointestinal disease in animals. ''Cryptosporidium serpentis'' infection in snakes causes gastric hypertrophy and consequent clinical signs. The mode of transmission is oral-faecal. The disease can either be subclinical with intermittent shedding or clinical with gastrointestinal disease. Non-[[Ophidian|ophidian]] reptiles may also be carriers. | | [[Cryptosporidium|''Cryptosporidium'']] spp. are [[Protozoa|protozoa]] of the phylum Apicomplexa and commonly cause gastrointestinal disease in animals. ''Cryptosporidium serpentis'' infection in snakes causes gastric hypertrophy and consequent clinical signs. The mode of transmission is oral-faecal. The disease can either be subclinical with intermittent shedding or clinical with gastrointestinal disease. Non-[[Ophidian|ophidian]] reptiles may also be carriers. |
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| ==Examination== | | ==Examination== |
− | Regurgitation of mucus covered prey three to four days after eating, weight loss and a firm mid-body swelling are the usual clinical signs. Regurgitation may be episodic. | + | Regurgitation of mucus covered prey three to four days after eating, weight loss and a firm mid-body swelling are the usual clinical signs. Regurgitation may be episodic. |
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| '''For more information on physical examinations of snakes, see''' [[Snake Physical Examination]]. | | '''For more information on physical examinations of snakes, see''' [[Snake Physical Examination]]. |
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| [[Image:Clinical_cryptosporidiosis_snow_corn_snake.jpg|300px|thumb|right|© RVC]] | | [[Image:Clinical_cryptosporidiosis_snow_corn_snake.jpg|300px|thumb|right|© RVC]] |
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− | ==Therapy== | + | ==Treatment== |
| Treatment can be supportive but death usually occurs from a few months to a year after the clinical signs are first noticed. Treatment with immunoglobulins may be helpful. [[Lizard and Snake Euthanasia|Euthanasia]] may be the most realistic option. If not, strict [[Lizard and Snake Quarantine|quarantine]] of any infected snakes is very important to stop the spread of infection. Disinfection of contaminated areas can be carried out with 5% ammonia or 10% formalin. Hypochlorite at 3% is not effective. | | Treatment can be supportive but death usually occurs from a few months to a year after the clinical signs are first noticed. Treatment with immunoglobulins may be helpful. [[Lizard and Snake Euthanasia|Euthanasia]] may be the most realistic option. If not, strict [[Lizard and Snake Quarantine|quarantine]] of any infected snakes is very important to stop the spread of infection. Disinfection of contaminated areas can be carried out with 5% ammonia or 10% formalin. Hypochlorite at 3% is not effective. |
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| {{Learning | | {{Learning |
| |flashcards = [[Reptiles and Amphibians Q&A 20]] | | |flashcards = [[Reptiles and Amphibians Q&A 20]] |
| + | |literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=(title:(snake)+OR+ab:(snake)+OR+od:(snake))+AND+(title:(cryptosporidi*)) Snake Cryptosporidiosis publications] |
| + | |full text = [http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2009/20093231161.pdf ''' Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis: a brief review.''' Siddiki, A. M. A. M. Z.; Masuduzzaman, M.; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria, Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2009, 12, 2, pp 91-111, many ref. - '''Full Text Article'''] |
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− | ==Literature Search==
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− | [[File:CABI logo.jpg|left|90px]]
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− | Use these links to find recent scientific publications via CAB Abstracts (log in required unless accessing from a subscribing organisation).
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− | <br><br><br>
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− | [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=(title:(snake)+OR+ab:(snake)+OR+od:(snake))+AND+(title:(cryptosporidi*)) Snake Cryptosporidiosis publications]
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− | [http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2009/20093231161.pdf ''' Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis: a brief review.''' Siddiki, A. M. A. M. Z.; Masuduzzaman, M.; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria, Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2009, 12, 2, pp 91-111, many ref. - '''Full Text Article''']
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
| Frye, FL & Williams, DL (1995) '''Self-Assessment Colour Review - Reptiles & Amphibians''' ''Manson'' | | Frye, FL & Williams, DL (1995) '''Self-Assessment Colour Review - Reptiles & Amphibians''' ''Manson'' |
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| + | {{review}} |
| [[Category:Snake_Diseases]] | | [[Category:Snake_Diseases]] |
− | [[Category: To Do - Siobhan Brade]] | + | [[Category:Expert Review - Exotics]] |
− | [[Category:To Do - Manson review]]
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