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{{review}}
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==Introduction==
 
[[Image:Crypto_lump_copy.jpg|100px|thumb|right|'''Mid-body swelling''' © RVC]]
 
[[Image:Crypto_lump_copy.jpg|100px|thumb|right|'''Mid-body swelling''' © RVC]]
==Introduction==
   
[[Cryptosporidium|''Cryptosporidium'']] spp. are [[Protozoa|protozoa]] of the phylum Apicomplexa and commonly cause gastrointestinal disease in animals. ''Cryptosporidium serpentis'' infection in snakes causes gastric hypertrophy and consequent clinical signs. The mode of transmission is oral-faecal. The disease can either be subclinical with intermittent shedding or clinical with gastrointestinal disease. Non-[[Ophidian|ophidian]] reptiles may also be carriers.
 
[[Cryptosporidium|''Cryptosporidium'']] spp. are [[Protozoa|protozoa]] of the phylum Apicomplexa and commonly cause gastrointestinal disease in animals. ''Cryptosporidium serpentis'' infection in snakes causes gastric hypertrophy and consequent clinical signs. The mode of transmission is oral-faecal. The disease can either be subclinical with intermittent shedding or clinical with gastrointestinal disease. Non-[[Ophidian|ophidian]] reptiles may also be carriers.
    
==Examination==
 
==Examination==
Regurgitation of mucus covered prey three to four days after eating, weight loss and a firm mid-body swelling are the usual clinical signs. Regurgitation may be episodic.  
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Regurgitation of mucus covered prey three to four days after eating, weight loss and a firm mid-body swelling are the usual clinical signs. Regurgitation may be episodic.  
    
'''For more information on physical examinations of snakes, see''' [[Snake Physical Examination]].
 
'''For more information on physical examinations of snakes, see''' [[Snake Physical Examination]].
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[[Image:Clinical_cryptosporidiosis_snow_corn_snake.jpg|300px|thumb|right|© RVC]]
 
[[Image:Clinical_cryptosporidiosis_snow_corn_snake.jpg|300px|thumb|right|© RVC]]
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==Therapy==
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==Treatment==
 
Treatment can be supportive but death usually occurs from a few months to a year after the clinical signs are first noticed. Treatment with immunoglobulins may be helpful. [[Lizard and Snake Euthanasia|Euthanasia]] may be the most realistic option. If not, strict [[Lizard and Snake Quarantine|quarantine]] of any infected snakes is very important to stop the spread of infection. Disinfection of contaminated areas can be carried out with 5% ammonia or 10% formalin. Hypochlorite at 3% is not effective.
 
Treatment can be supportive but death usually occurs from a few months to a year after the clinical signs are first noticed. Treatment with immunoglobulins may be helpful. [[Lizard and Snake Euthanasia|Euthanasia]] may be the most realistic option. If not, strict [[Lizard and Snake Quarantine|quarantine]] of any infected snakes is very important to stop the spread of infection. Disinfection of contaminated areas can be carried out with 5% ammonia or 10% formalin. Hypochlorite at 3% is not effective.
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{{Learning
 
{{Learning
 
|flashcards = [[Reptiles and Amphibians Q&A 20]]
 
|flashcards = [[Reptiles and Amphibians Q&A 20]]
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|literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=(title:(snake)+OR+ab:(snake)+OR+od:(snake))+AND+(title:(cryptosporidi*)) Snake Cryptosporidiosis publications]
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|full text = [http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2009/20093231161.pdf  ''' Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis: a brief review.''' Siddiki, A. M. A. M. Z.; Masuduzzaman, M.; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria, Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2009, 12, 2, pp 91-111, many ref. - '''Full Text Article''']
 
}}
 
}}
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==Literature Search==
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[[File:CABI logo.jpg|left|90px]]
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Use these links to find recent scientific publications via CAB Abstracts (log in required unless accessing from a subscribing organisation).
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<br><br><br>
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[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=(title:(snake)+OR+ab:(snake)+OR+od:(snake))+AND+(title:(cryptosporidi*)) Snake Cryptosporidiosis publications]
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[http://www.cabi.org/cabdirect/FullTextPDF/2009/20093231161.pdf  ''' Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis: a brief review.''' Siddiki, A. M. A. M. Z.; Masuduzzaman, M.; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria, Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2009, 12, 2, pp 91-111, many ref. - '''Full Text Article''']
      
==References==
 
==References==
 
Frye, FL & Williams, DL (1995) '''Self-Assessment Colour Review - Reptiles & Amphibians''' ''Manson''
 
Frye, FL & Williams, DL (1995) '''Self-Assessment Colour Review - Reptiles & Amphibians''' ''Manson''
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{{review}}
 
[[Category:Snake_Diseases]]
 
[[Category:Snake_Diseases]]
[[Category: To Do - Siobhan Brade]]
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[[Category:Expert Review - Exotics]]
[[Category:To Do - Manson review]]
 
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