Changes

The head of the humerus comprises '''greater''' and '''lesser tubercles''', separated by an '''intertubercular groove''' through which runs the tendon of the '''biceps brachii'''. The shaft of the humerus takes on a characteristically twisted shape via a groove carrying the '''brachialis''' and '''radial nerve'''. Laterally, the '''deltoid tuberosity''' is palpable through the skin and connects to the head of the humerus via a ridge and merges distally with the '''crest of the humerus'''. Distally, the humerus culminates in a '''condyle''' which articulates to form the elbow.  

The head of the humerus comprises '''greater''' and '''lesser tubercles''', separated by an '''intertubercular groove''' through which runs the tendon of the '''biceps brachii'''. The shaft of the humerus takes on a characteristically twisted shape via a groove carrying the '''brachialis''' and '''radial nerve'''. Laterally, the '''deltoid tuberosity''' is palpable through the skin and connects to the head of the humerus via a ridge and merges distally with the '''crest of the humerus'''. Distally, the humerus culminates in a '''condyle''' which articulates to form the elbow.  

:In large animals, it meets the radius via a '''trochlea'''

:In large animals, it meets the radius via a '''trochlea'''

:In dogs and cats, it articulates with the radius medially via a trochlea and the ulna laterally via a '''capitulum'''

:In dogs and cats, it articulates with the ulna medially via a trochlea and the radius laterally via a '''capitulum'''

:Caudally, all species show an '''olecranon fossa''' which articulates with the '''olecranon''' of the ulna

:Caudally, all species show an '''olecranon fossa''' which articulates with the '''olecranon''' of the ulna

Medial and lateral epicondyles provide attachment for flexors and extensors of the carpus and digits.

Medial and lateral epicondyles provide attachment for flexors and extensors of the carpus and digits.

==Joints of the Proximal Forelimb==

==Joints of the Proximal Forelimb==