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===Fisher's exact test===
===Fisher's exact test===
Fisher's exact test is most commonly used instead of the chi-square test when the sample size is small and/or when expected cell counts are less than 5. This test generally requires the variables of interest to be dichotomous (i.e. a 2x2 contingency table), although methods are available of applying the test to contingency tables of greater size. Instead of assuming the data approximates a distribution (as is the case with the chi-square test), the '''exact''' probability of the particular arrangement of data (and that of 'more extreme' patterns, given the row and column totals in the contingency table are fixed) is calculated (based upon the hypergeometric distribution).
==Comparing a quantitative variable between two groups==
==Comparing a quantitative variable between two groups==