Large parasite burdens of ''C. punctata'' and ''C. pectinata'' can cause severe diarrhoea, anorexia and emaciation without the presence of anaemia as they do not feed on the hosts' blood. Other species are considered mild pathogens but will also cause poor weight gain and productivity. These species are often present as secondary pathogens after infection with more pathogenic ''[[Ostertagia]]'' and ''[[Haemonchus]]'' species. The normal diagnostic techniques for identifying gastrointestinal nematodes may be used, mucosal scrapings of the proximal small intestine may be particularly useful. Scrapings may reveal fine lace like regions of necrosis and congestion of the mucosa. | Large parasite burdens of ''C. punctata'' and ''C. pectinata'' can cause severe diarrhoea, anorexia and emaciation without the presence of anaemia as they do not feed on the hosts' blood. Other species are considered mild pathogens but will also cause poor weight gain and productivity. These species are often present as secondary pathogens after infection with more pathogenic ''[[Ostertagia]]'' and ''[[Haemonchus]]'' species. The normal diagnostic techniques for identifying gastrointestinal nematodes may be used, mucosal scrapings of the proximal small intestine may be particularly useful. Scrapings may reveal fine lace like regions of necrosis and congestion of the mucosa. |