Changes

==Pelvic Limb==

==Pelvic Limb==

The muscles affecting the pelvic girdle and hip can be divided into two distinct groups; girdle muscles and rump muscles.

The muscles affecting the pelvic girdle and hip can be divided into two distinct groups; girdle muscules and rump muscles.

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====[[Hindlimb - Anatomy & Physiology#Girdle Muscles|Girdle Muscles]]====

====[[Hindlimb - Anatomy & Physiology#Girdle Muscles|Girdle Muscles]]====

The pelvic girdle muscles is made up of a number of distinct muscle groups.

The pelvic girdle musculature ('''sublumbar muscle''') is made up of a number of distinct muscle groups. These arise from the lumbar vertebrae and insert on the pelvis or femur. These muscles function in dorsiflexion and ventriflexion of the spine.  They also provide stabilisation to the vertebral column and pelvis.

'''''Psoas Minor'''''

'''''Psoas Minor'''''

 

The psoas minor muscle is marked by many tendinous intersections.

: The muscle is marked by multiple tendinous intersections.

'''''Iliac'''''

'''''Iliac'''''

 

:The iliac muscle is a fleshy muscle that is cross-sectionally flat cranially and round caudally.  

The iliac muscle is a fleshy muscle that is cross-sectionally flat cranially and round caudally. It originates from two heads; a strong lateral head from the wing of the ilium and a small medial one from the ileal shaft. They enclose the '''greater psoas''' and will unite to form a common tendon for insertion.

:'''Origin''': Two heads, a strong lateral head and small medial head. They enclose the '''greater psoas''' and will unite to form a common tendon for insertion.

'''''Quadrate Lumbar'''''

'''''Quadrate Lumbar'''''

 

: Thin, tendinous muscle

The quadrate lumbaris a thin, tendinous muscle whose origin is at the proximal end of the last rib and the transverse process of the cranial lumbar vertebrae. Its insertion is the transverse processes of the caudal lumbar vertebrae and the sacral wing.

:'''Origin''': Proximal end of last rib and transverse process of the cranial lumbar vertebrae

:'''Insertion''': Transverse processes of caudal lumbar vertebrae, wing of the sacrum, wing of the ilium

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