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Shoulder Muscles - Horse Anatomy (view source)
Revision as of 13:00, 16 October 2012
, 13:00, 16 October 2012no edit summary
'''''Supraspinatus '''''
'''''Supraspinatus '''''
:'''Innervation''':Suprascapular n. of the brachial plexus
:'''Innervation''':Suprascapular n. of the brachial plexus
:'''Origin''': Supraspinous fossa of the scapula
:'''Origin''': Supraspinous fossa of the [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|scapula]]
:'''Insertion''': Lesser and greater tubercles of the humerus
:'''Insertion''': Lesser and greater tubercles of the [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|humerus]]
:'''Action''': Extends and braces the shoulder
:'''Action''': Extends and braces the shoulder
'''''Infraspinatus'''''
'''''Infraspinatus'''''
:'''Innervation''':Suprascapular n. of the brachial plexus
:'''Innervation''':Suprascapular n. of the brachial plexus
:'''Origin''': Supraspinatous fossa and spine of the scapula
:'''Origin''': Supraspinatous fossa and spine of the [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|scapula]]
:'''Insertion''': Tendon of insertion bifurcates into a deep part and a superficial part.
:'''Insertion''': Tendon of insertion bifurcates into a deep part and a superficial part.
:: Deep - Greater tubercle of the humerus
:: Deep - Greater tubercle of the [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|humerus]]
:: Superficial - Lateral humerus, distal to the greater tubercle
:: Superficial - Lateral [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|humerus]], distal to the greater tubercle
:'''Action''': Brace the shoulder, supporting flexion or extension.
:'''Action''': Brace the shoulder, supporting flexion or extension.
:'''Clinical significance''': The bursa between the superficial tendon of the infraspinatus, and the lateral tubercle of the humerus can be the site of inflammation (bursitis).
:'''Clinical significance''': The bursa between the superficial tendon of the infraspinatus, and the lateral tubercle of the [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|humerus]] can be the site of inflammation (bursitis).
=='''Medial'''==
=='''Medial'''==
'''''Supscapularis'''''
'''''Supscapularis'''''
:'''Innervation''': Subscapular n. from the brachial plexus
:'''Innervation''': Subscapular n. from the brachial plexus
:'''Origin''': Deep surface of the scapula
:'''Origin''': Deep surface of the [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|scapula]]
:'''Insertion''': Lesser tubercle of the humerus
:'''Insertion''': Lesser tubercle of the [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|humerus]]
:'''Action''': Braces medial shoulder joint. Primarily acts as an extensor of the shoulder, but can contribute to maintaining flecion.
:'''Action''': Braces medial shoulder joint. Primarily acts as an extensor of the shoulder, but can contribute to maintaining flecion.
'''''Coracobrachialis'''''
'''''Coracobrachialis'''''
:'''Innervation''': Musculocutaneous n. of the brachial plexus
:'''Innervation''': Musculocutaneous n. of the brachial plexus
:'''Origin''': Coracoid process of scapula
:'''Origin''': Coracoid process of [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|scapula]]
:'''Insertion''': Proximal shaft of the humerus
:'''Insertion''': Proximal shaft of the [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|humerus]]
:'''Action''': Fixator
:'''Action''': Fixator
'''''Deltoid'''''
'''''Deltoid'''''
:'''Innervation''': Axillary n. of the brachial plexus
:'''Innervation''': Axillary n. of the brachial plexus
:'''Origin''': Caudal border and spine of the scapula. One head in the horse, compared with two in species with an acromion (site of second origin.
:'''Origin''': Caudal border and spine of the [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|scapula]]. One head in the horse, compared with two in species with an acromion (site of second origin.
:'''Insertion''': Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
:'''Insertion''': Deltoid tuberosity of [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|humerus]]
:'''Action''': Flexes shoulder
:'''Action''': Flexes shoulder
:In the horse, the aponeurosis of the deltoid is partially fused to the ''infraspinatus''.
:In the horse, the aponeurosis of the deltoid is partially fused to the ''infraspinatus''.
'''''Teres Major'''''
'''''Teres Major'''''
:'''Innervation''': Axillary n. of the brachial plexus
:'''Innervation''': Axillary n. of the brachial plexus
:'''Origin''': Dorsal part of the caudal scapula
:'''Origin''': Dorsal part of the caudal [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|scapula]]
:'''Insertion''': Teres major tuberosity midway down the humerus
:'''Insertion''': Teres major tuberosity midway down the [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|humerus]]
:'''Action''': Flexes the shoulder, supports adduction.
:'''Action''': Flexes the shoulder, supports adduction.
'''''Teres Minor'''''
'''''Teres Minor'''''
:'''Innervation''': Axillary n. of the brachial plexus
:'''Innervation''': Axillary n. of the brachial plexus
:'''Origin''': Distal third of scapula, deep to the deltoid
:'''Origin''': Distal third of [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|scapula]], deep to the deltoid
:'''Insertion''': Teres minor tuberosity midway down the humerus
:'''Insertion''': Teres minor tuberosity midway down the [[Bones and Cartilages - Horse Anatomy|humerus]]
:'''Action''': Flexes the shoulder
:'''Action''': Flexes the shoulder
NB// There are no defined extensors of the shoulder. Those involved (brachiocephalic m., biceps brachii, supraspinatus, and ascending pectorals) have other, more primary roles.
NB// There are no defined extensors of the shoulder. Those involved (''brachiocephalic'' m., ''biceps brachii'', ''supraspinatus'', and ''ascending pectorals'') have other, more primary roles.