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Equine Upper Respiratory Tract - Horse Anatomy (view source)
Revision as of 15:40, 15 November 2012
, 15:40, 15 November 2012→Paranasal Sinuses
==Nasal Cavity==
==Nasal Cavity==
==Paranasal Sinuses==
==Paranasal Sinuses==
===Overview===
The paranasal sinuses of the horse are extensive, consisting of six pairs:
* Frontal and dorsal conchal sinuses (known as the conchofrontal sinus)
* Ventral conchal sinus
* Sphenopalatine sinus
* Rostral and caudal maxillary sinuses
The most clinically significant sinuses are the frontal and maxillary. The sinuses all communicate with the nasal cavity to allow drainage. The rostral and caudal maxillary sinuses communicate directly with the nasal cavity. The dorsal, middle & ventral conchal, frontal and sphenopalatine sinuses drain indirectly via the maxillary sinuses. The conchal sinuses lie within the fine, scroll-shaped bones known as '''conchae''' or '''turbinates'''. These conchae are attached to the lateral wall of the nasal passages.
The paranasal sinuses are lined with respiratory epithelium (pseudostratified ciliated columnar) and goblet cells.
===Frontal Sinus===
The blood supply is provided by the '''ethmoidal artery'''.
===Conchal Sinuses===
The main blood supply is provided by the '''arterial ethmoid rete''', which is an anastamosis between the '''internal and external ethmoid arteries'''. A minor suply is provided by the caudal nasal branch of the '''sphenopalatine artery'''.
===Maxillary Sinus===
The blood supply is provided by branches of the '''sphenopalatine artery'''.
===Sphenopalatine Sinus===
==Guttural Pouches==
==Guttural Pouches==
[[Image:Equine Guttural Pouch.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Equine Guttural Pouch - Copyright David Bainbridge]]
[[Image:Equine Guttural Pouch.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Equine Guttural Pouch - Copyright David Bainbridge]]