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Equine Nervous System - Horse Anatomy (view source)
Revision as of 16:45, 21 November 2012
, 16:45, 21 November 2012→Forebrain
The brain is responsible for co-ordinating, integrating and controlling the rest of the nervous system. The brain is divided into several parts. Based on phylogenetic development, it can be divided into the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain. Based on gross anatomy, it can be divided into the cerebrum, cerebellum and brainstem. The brain is enclosed within the cranial cavity of the skull.
The brain is responsible for co-ordinating, integrating and controlling the rest of the nervous system. The brain is divided into several parts. Based on phylogenetic development, it can be divided into the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain. Based on gross anatomy, it can be divided into the cerebrum, cerebellum and brainstem. The brain is enclosed within the cranial cavity of the skull.
====Forebrain====
====Forebrain====
The ''forebrain (proencephalon)'' is the largest part of the brain, most of which is ''cerebrum''. Other important structures found in the forebrain include the ''thalamus'' , the ''hypothalamus'' and the ''limbic system''. The cerebrum is divided into two cerebral hemispheres connected by a mass of white matter known as the ''corpus callosum''. Each hemisphere is split into four lobes; the ''frontal'', ''parietal'', ''occipital'' and ''temporal'' lobes. The surface of each hemisphere is made up of grey matter known as the ''cerebral cortex'' and is folded to increase the surface area available within the skull. The cortex has roles within perception, memory and all higher thought processes. Inside the cortex is the ''white matter'', within which are a number of nuclei (grey matter), known as the ''basal nuclei''. The basal nuclei receive information from the cortex to regulate skeletal movement and other higher motor functions.
The thalamus functions to relay sensory information to the cerebral cortex and the hypothalamus, regulating visceral functions including temperature, reproductive functions, eating, sleeping and the display of emotion. The limbic system describes a collection of structures within the forebrain, including the ''amygdala'' and '' hippocampus'', also known as the 'emotional brain'. It is important in the formation of memories and in making decisions and learning.
=====Thalamus=====
=====Thalamus=====
=====Hypothalamus=====
=====Hypothalamus=====