Changes

=====Umbilical Veins=====

=====Umbilical Veins=====

A single umbilical veins runs from the fetus and joins the '''hepatic portal vein''', effectively circumventing the liver which is not yet fully patent. The umbilical vein transports oxygen-rich and nutrient-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus.

A single umbilical veins runs from the fetus and joins the '''hepatic portal vein''', effectively circumventing the liver which is not yet fully patent. The umbilical vein transports oxygen-rich and nutrient-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus.

=== Shunts ===

=====Shunts=====

There are a number of foetal circulatory shunts that are related to the umbilical arteries and veins. The three major shunts are covered in more detail at [[Foetal_Circulation_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Circulatory_Changes_at_Birth|Foetal Circulation]] but are important to ensure that organs are always supplied with oxygen and nutrient rich blood, to prevent waste accumulation and protect organs that are not yet fully patent. The main foetal circulatory shunts are the '''Ductus venosus''', '''Foramen ovale''' and the '''Ductus arteriosus'''.

There are a number of foetal circulatory shunts that are related to the umbilical arteries and veins. The three major shunts are covered in more detail [[Foetal_Circulation_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Circulatory_Changes_at_Birth|here]] but are important to ensure that organs are always supplied with oxygen and nutrient rich blood, to prevent waste accumulation and protect organs that are not yet fully patent. The main foetal circulatory shunts are the '''Ductus venosus''', '''Foramen ovale''' and the '''Ductus arteriosus'''.

 

==Parturition==

==Parturition==