Changes

===Gingivitis and Gingival Index===

===Gingivitis and Gingival Index===

The presence and degree of '''[[gingivitis]]''' (inflammation of the [[gingiva]]) is assessed based on a combination of redness and swelling, as well as presence or absence of '''bleeding''' on gentle probing of the '''gingival sulcus'''. An index which relies on both visual inspection and bleeding, namely the '''modified Löe and Silness gingival index''' <font color="red>(Löe, 1967)</font color>, can also be used:

The presence and degree of '''[[gingivitis]]''' (inflammation of the [[gingiva]]) is assessed based on a combination of redness and swelling, as well as presence or absence of '''bleeding''' on gentle probing of the '''gingival sulcus'''. An index which relies on both visual inspection and bleeding, namely the '''modified Löe and Silness gingival index''' <font color="red">(Löe, 1967)</font color>, can also be used:

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:'''Gingival index 0'''  - Clinically healthy gingiva

:'''Gingival index 0'''  - Clinically healthy gingiva

===Furcation Involvement===

===Furcation Involvement===

Furcation involvement refers to the situation where the '''bone between the roots of multirooted teeth is destroyed''' due to [[periodontitis]] <font color="red>(Fig. 6.4)</font color>. The furcation sites of multirooted teeth should be examined with ''either a [[Oral Examination Instruments#Periodontal Probe|periodontal probe]]''. The grading of furcation involvement:

Furcation involvement refers to the situation where the '''bone between the roots of multirooted teeth is destroyed''' due to [[periodontitis]] <font color="red">(Fig. 6.4)</font color>. The furcation sites of multirooted teeth should be examined with ''either a [[Oral Examination Instruments#Periodontal Probe|periodontal probe]]''. The grading of furcation involvement:

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:'''Grade 0''' - No furcation involvement

:'''Grade 0''' - No furcation involvement