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Needles for use in oromaxillofacial surgery are of the swaged-on variety which reduce tissue trauma. The reverse-cutting needle which has a flat surface along its inner curvature prevents the inadvertent cutting of tissue and is the most commonly used needle in oromaxillofacial surgery. Tapered point needles are round in cross-section, and result in less tissue damage than cutting point needles, but are poorly suited for use in tough tissues, such as gingiva. Tapercut needles combine the cutting action of the reverse-cutting needle at its tip and the round body of the taper for atraumatic passage through delicate tissues. The tapercut needle is recommended for use in mucogingival surgery.
Needles for use in oromaxillofacial surgery are of the swaged-on variety which reduce tissue trauma. The reverse-cutting needle which has a flat surface along its inner curvature prevents the inadvertent cutting of tissue and is the most commonly used needle in oromaxillofacial surgery. Tapered point needles are round in cross-section, and result in less tissue damage than cutting point needles, but are poorly suited for use in tough tissues, such as gingiva. Tapercut needles combine the cutting action of the reverse-cutting needle at its tip and the round body of the taper for atraumatic passage through delicate tissues. The tapercut needle is recommended for use in mucogingival surgery.
====Types of Gingival and Mucogingival Flaps====
====Types of Gingival and Mucogingival Flaps====
*A triangle flap is a mucogingival flap consisting of a sulcular incision and one vertical releasing incision.
*A triangle flap is a mucogingival flap consisting of a sulcular incision and one vertical releasing incision.
*A pedicle flap is a sulcular incision with two vertical releasing incisions, this flap provides the best exposure.
*A pedicle flap is a sulcular incision with two vertical releasing incisions, this flap provides the best exposure.
==Technique for Surgical Extraction of an Upper Canine==
==Technique for Surgical Extraction of an Upper Canine==