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Line 4: + − See Enamel Dysplasia+ + + + + − + Line 38:
Line 43: − + − [[Category:Developmental Dental Conditions]] − [[Category:LisaM reviewing]]
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== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
[[Image:enamal-hypoplasia.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small>Enamal (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))<center></center></small>]]
[[Image:enamal-hypoplasia.gif|right|thumb|125px|<small>Enamal (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))<center></center></small>]]
This condition is a consequence of abnormalities occurring during the period of [[Tooth Eruption|tooth eruption]]. It involves damage to [[Enamel Organ#Ameloblasts|ameloblasts]] (which form [[Enamel Organ#Enamel|enamel]]) in utero, which upsets permanent incisor formation. The [[Enamel Organ#Enamel|enamel]] is marked by pits and lines etc.
In ruminants, damage to [[Enamel Organ#Enamel|enamel]] formation is most often caused by fluoride poisoning and is seen in cattle grazing on pasture contaminated by cement works effluent.
In dogs, hypoplasia may occur following a [[Canine Distemper Virus]] (CDV) infection during tooth development. This is a very severe systemic disease seen early in life or in utero in dogs. For more small animal specific information please see [[Tooth Developmental Problems#Enamel Dysplasia|Enamel Dysplasia]]
Hypoplasia may also occur in single teeth following damage to the permanent tooth germ, for example if a deciduous tooth is fractured or extracted without care. The damaged ameloblasts will fail to form enamel and abnormalities will be evident.
== Clinical Signs ==
== Clinical Signs ==
In ruminants, one will see a chalky mottling and yellow brown pitting of the [[:Category:Teeth - Anatomy & Physiology|tooth]], due to enamel hypoplasia. There is usually no difficulty in mastication detected and the animal is clinically well.
In ruminants, one will see a chalky mottling and yellow brown pitting of the [[:Category:Teeth - Anatomy & Physiology|tooth]], due to enamel hypoplasia. There is usually no difficulty in mastication detected and the animal is clinically well.
In dogs, enamel hypoplasia may result in severe discoloration or pitting of a tooth or teeth due to the effect on [[Enamel Organ#Enamel|enamel]] formation.
In dogs, enamel hypoplasia may result in severe discoloration or pitting of a tooth or teeth due to the effect on [[Enamel Organ#Enamel|enamel]] formation.
== Diagnosis ==
== Diagnosis ==
[[Category:Teeth - Degenerative Pathology]]
[[Category:Teeth - Degenerative Pathology]]
[[Category:Dental Diseases - Cattle]][[Category:Dental Diseases - Dog]]
[[Category:Dental Diseases - Cattle]][[Category:Dental Diseases - Dog]]
[[Category:Expert_Review - Small Animal]]
[[Category:Expert_Review - Farm Animal]]