Changes

In addition to their '''structural role in proteins''', amino acids can be utilized as '''energy substrates during periods of fasting or starvation'''. Amino acids are able to provide a carbon skeleton for either glucose production or synthesise ketone bodies, or both.  

In addition to their '''structural role in proteins''', amino acids can be utilized as '''energy substrates during periods of fasting or starvation'''. Amino acids are able to provide a carbon skeleton for either glucose production or synthesise ketone bodies, or both.  

*'''Exclusively gluconeogenic amino acids''':

*Exclusively '''gluconeogenic amino acids''':

**[[Arginine - Nutrition|arginine]]

**[[Arginine - Nutrition|arginine]]

**[[Histidine - Nutrition|histidine]]

**[[Histidine - Nutrition|histidine]]

**[[Threonine - Nutrition|threonine]]

**[[Threonine - Nutrition|threonine]]

**valine

**valine

*'''Strictly ketogenic'''

*Strictly '''ketogenic'''

**leucine  

**leucine  

**[[lysine - Nutrition|lysine]]  

**[[lysine - Nutrition|lysine]]