Changes

==Roles in the Body==

==Roles in the Body==

'''Starch is the storage form of carbohydrate energy found in plant and animal tissues'''. It can be readily hydrolysed by digestive enzymes to release free monosaccharide molecules that can absorbed by both dogs and cats, though cats appear to have a more delayed response relative to dogs<ref name="Hewson"/><ref>de-Oliveira  LD, et al. Effects of six carbohydrate sources on diet digestibility and postprandial glucose and insulin responses in cats. J Anim Sci 2008. 86:2237–2246</ref>. Glucose absorbed from the diet can be used directly in intermediate metabolism (ATP production) or to synthesise glycogen and fatty acid<ref>Ebiner JR, et al. Comparison of carbohydrate utilization in man using indirect calorimetry and mass spectrometry after oral load of 100 g naturally-labelled (13C) glucose. Br J Nutr 1979;41:419-429.</ref><ref>Flatt JP, et al. Effects of dietary fat on postprandial substrate oxidation and on carbohydrate and fat balances. J Clin Invest 1985;76:1019-1024.</ref>. Resistant starches are not hydrolysed by pancreatic amylases and instead act like fermentable fibres in the colonic lumen<ref>Goudez R, et al. Influence of different levels and sources of resistant starch on faecal quality of dogs of various body sizes. Br J Nutr 2011;106:S111-S215.</ref>.

'''Starch is the storage form of carbohydrate energy found in plant and animal tissues'''. It can be readily hydrolysed by digestive enzymes to release free monosaccharide molecules that can absorbed by both dogs and cats, though cats appear to have a more delayed response relative to dogs<ref name="Hewson"/><ref>de-Oliveira  LD, et al. Effects of six carbohydrate sources on diet digestibility and postprandial glucose and insulin responses in cats. J Anim Sci 2008. 86:2237–2246</ref>. Glucose absorbed from the diet can be used directly in intermediate metabolism (ATP production) or to synthesise glycogen and [[Fatty Acids Overview - Nutrition|fatty acid]]<ref>Ebiner JR, et al. Comparison of carbohydrate utilization in man using indirect calorimetry and mass spectrometry after oral load of 100 g naturally-labelled (13C) glucose. Br J Nutr 1979;41:419-429.</ref><ref>Flatt JP, et al. Effects of dietary fat on postprandial substrate oxidation and on carbohydrate and fat balances. J Clin Invest 1985;76:1019-1024.</ref>. Resistant starches are not hydrolysed by pancreatic amylases and instead act like fermentable fibres in the colonic lumen<ref>Goudez R, et al. Influence of different levels and sources of resistant starch on faecal quality of dogs of various body sizes. Br J Nutr 2011;106:S111-S215.</ref>.

==Consequences of Starch Deficiency==

==Consequences of Starch Deficiency==