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Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 16:06, 14 July 2008
, 16:06, 14 July 2008no edit summary
==Types of Papillae==
==Types of Papillae==
===Conical===
-Not in horses
-Not in horses
-Caudal 1/3 of tongue
-Caudal 1/3 of tongue
[[Image:Foliate_Papillae_Cat.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Foliate Papillae (Cat) - Copyright RVC 2008]]
[[Image:Foliate_Papillae_Cat.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Foliate Papillae (Cat) - Copyright RVC 2008]]
===Foliate===
-8 to 12 papillae in parallel folds, one either side of tongue midline
-8 to 12 papillae in parallel folds, one either side of tongue midline
-Stratified squamous epithelium
-Stratified squamous epithelium
[[Image:Circumvallate Papillae.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Circumvallate Papillae (Goat) - Copyright RVC 2008]]
[[Image:Circumvallate Papillae.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Circumvallate Papillae (Goat) - Copyright RVC 2008]]
===Vallate===
-3 to 6
-3 to 6
-Often secondary papillae in taste buds
-Often secondary papillae in taste buds
-Lymphatic tissue present
-Lymphatic tissue present
===Fungiform===
-Red dots on tongue surface
-Red dots on tongue surface
-Keratinised, stratified squamous epithelium
-Keratinised, stratified squamous epithelium
[[Image:Filoform Papillae Histology.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Filoform Papillae Histology (Cat) - Copyright RVC 2008]]
[[Image:Filoform Papillae Histology.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Filoform Papillae Histology (Cat) - Copyright RVC 2008]]
===Filoform===
-Most numerous
-Most numerous
-Points caudally
-Points caudally
==Species Differences==
==Species Differences==
===Canine===
*Dog has stretch receptors in the tongue
*Dog has stretch receptors in the tongue
*Dog uses the tongue to lose heat by panting
*Dog uses the tongue to lose heat by panting
===Ruminant===
*Ruminant tongue is heavily keratinised with long papillae for eating (protective surface)
*Ruminant tongue is heavily keratinised with long papillae for eating (protective surface)
*Ox has lenticular papillae which are hard and horny due to heavy keratinisation
*Ox has lenticular papillae which are hard and horny due to heavy keratinisation
===Feline===
*Cat has long papillae for grooming so tongue is rough
*Cat has long papillae for grooming so tongue is rough
===Porcine===
*Most of the papillae in the pig are soft, long and directed caudally
*Most of the papillae in the pig are soft, long and directed caudally
===Avian===
*The [[The Avian Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|avian tongue]] has a bone in it. It is mainly used for manipulation of food rather than vocalisation like in mammals.
*The [[The Avian Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|avian tongue]] has a bone in it. It is mainly used for manipulation of food rather than vocalisation like in mammals.