Changes

*Ruminants, horse and pig have stratified squamous epithelium continuing from oesophagus into stomach. carnivores have an abrupt transition to columnar epithelium.

*Ruminants, horse and pig have stratified squamous epithelium continuing from oesophagus into stomach. carnivores have an abrupt transition to columnar epithelium.

'''Canine'''

===Canine===

*Canid has no keratinisation

*Canid has no keratinisation

*Mucous glands throughout in dog but more abundant caudally

*Mucous glands throughout in dog but more abundant caudally

'''Equine'''

===Equine===

*Horse has some keratinisation

*Horse has some keratinisation

'''Ruminant'''

===Ruminant===

*Ruminant has a lot of keratinisation

*Ruminant has a lot of keratinisation

'''Porcine'''

===Porcine===

*Lamina muscularis present caudally in pigs (very thick)  

*Lamina muscularis present caudally in pigs (very thick)  

*Mucous glands abundant cranially but absent caudally in pig

*Mucous glands abundant cranially but absent caudally in pig

'''Avian'''

===Avian===

*Avian differences- [[Crop- Anatomy and Physiology|the crop]]

*Avian differences- [[Crop- Anatomy and Physiology|the crop]]

*Ducks have an oesophangeal tonsil present in the caudal segment of oesophagus

*Ducks have an oesophangeal tonsil present in the caudal segment of oesophagus

==Links==

==Links==

[[Oesophagus|Oesophagus Pathology]]

[[Oesophagus|Oesophagus Pathology]]