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Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 22:13, 17 July 2008
, 22:13, 17 July 2008no edit summary
==Introduction==
==Introduction==
The Uterus is the organ of pregnancy as this is where implantation and development of the feotus occurs. The Uterus is the reproductive organ with the most species variations. These variations occur in both the anatomical types of uterus aswell as the uterine horn appearance and endometrial linings.
*Duplex Uteri - rabbits and marsupials
*Bicornuate Uteri (previously Bipartite Uteri)- high degree of fusion leading to a uterine body and short uterine horns as seen in the mare and cow. low degree of fusion of the paramesonephric ducts leading to long uterine horns and a small uterine body as seen in the sow, bich and queen. This varying degree of paramesonephric duct fusion reflects the species ???? as either monotocous or polytocous animals
*Simplex Uteri - complete fusion of the paramesonephric ducts forming a single uterine body with no uterine horns. This is seen in primates and especially humans.
==Structure==
==Structure==
'''Perimetrium'''
'''Myometrium'''
'''Endometrium'''
caruncles in ruminants are the sites of maternal tissue contribution to the placenta + feotal cotyledon = placentome
uterine folds in sows and mare.
Not shed in domestic species only in primates.
==Function==
==Function==
*Provides a suitable environment for embryo development and attachment.
*Provides a suitable environment for embryo development and attachment. The secretions produced by the endometrial glands are important for maintaining the preimplantion embryo.
*In response to increasing amounts of oxytocin production by the corpus luteum during the luteal phase the endometrium produces luteolytic PGF2a to cause degeneration of the corpus luteum.
*In response to increasing amounts of oxytocin production by the corpus luteum during the luteal phase the endometrium produces luteolytic PGF2a to cause degeneration of the corpus luteum if the female is not pregnant.
*The uterus contributes varying amounts of maternal tissues towards the placenta.
*The uterus contributes varying amounts of maternal tissues towards the placenta.
*The myometrium is involved with sperm transport through the uterus towards the oviduct.
*The myometrium is involved with sperm transport through the uterus towards the oviduct.