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Created page with "Urea is principally a product of amino acid deamination in the liver. Urea is primarily excreted by the kidneys and is the most commonly used test of renal function with creat..."
Urea is principally a product of amino acid deamination in the liver. Urea is primarily excreted by the kidneys and is the most commonly used test of renal function with creatinine.
== Small animals ==
=== Increased urea, renal azotaemia ===
* Acute renal failure
* Chronic renal failure
=== Increased urea, prerenal azotaemia ===
* Dehydration
* Shock
* High protein diet
* Fever
* Reduced cardiac output
* Hyperthyroidism
* Hypoadrenocorticism
* Gastrointestinal haemorrhage
=== Increased urea, postrenal azotaemia ===
* Feline urological syndrome
* Bladder rupture
* Calculi
* Neoplasia
* Perineal herniation
=== Causes of a low urea concentration ===
* Polydipsia/polyuria (due to causes other than renal disease)
* Hepatic insufficiency, especially portosystemic shunt
* Low protein diet
* Late pregnancy
* Anabolic steroids
=== Complementary tests ===
Creatinine and phosphorus. Urine specific gravity, urinalysis, glomerular filtration rate and SDMA.
Test Codes - Please visit www.nwlabs.co.uk or see our current price list for more information
== Equine ==
=== Increased urea, prerenal azotaemia ===
* Dehydration
* Reduced renal perfusion
* Congestive heart failure
* Excessive muscle catabolism
* High protein diet
* Grass sickness
=== Increased urea, renal azotaemia ===
* Acute renal failure
* Chronic renal failure
=== Increased urea, postrenal azotaemia ===
* Obstruction, ruptured bladder
* Ruptured bladder in neonatal foals
* Low urea concentrations
* Hepatic insufficiency
* Young foals (normal by 60 days)
=== Complementary tests ===
Creatinine and phosphorus. Urine specific gravity (<1.020 in a dehydrated or azotaemic horse suggests renal tubular dysfunction). Urine clearance or fractional electrolyte excretion ratios (renal tubular dysfunction).
Test Codes - Please visit www.nwlabs.co.uk or see our current price list for more information
== Authors & References ==
[[NationWide Laboratories]]
== Small animals ==
=== Increased urea, renal azotaemia ===
* Acute renal failure
* Chronic renal failure
=== Increased urea, prerenal azotaemia ===
* Dehydration
* Shock
* High protein diet
* Fever
* Reduced cardiac output
* Hyperthyroidism
* Hypoadrenocorticism
* Gastrointestinal haemorrhage
=== Increased urea, postrenal azotaemia ===
* Feline urological syndrome
* Bladder rupture
* Calculi
* Neoplasia
* Perineal herniation
=== Causes of a low urea concentration ===
* Polydipsia/polyuria (due to causes other than renal disease)
* Hepatic insufficiency, especially portosystemic shunt
* Low protein diet
* Late pregnancy
* Anabolic steroids
=== Complementary tests ===
Creatinine and phosphorus. Urine specific gravity, urinalysis, glomerular filtration rate and SDMA.
Test Codes - Please visit www.nwlabs.co.uk or see our current price list for more information
== Equine ==
=== Increased urea, prerenal azotaemia ===
* Dehydration
* Reduced renal perfusion
* Congestive heart failure
* Excessive muscle catabolism
* High protein diet
* Grass sickness
=== Increased urea, renal azotaemia ===
* Acute renal failure
* Chronic renal failure
=== Increased urea, postrenal azotaemia ===
* Obstruction, ruptured bladder
* Ruptured bladder in neonatal foals
* Low urea concentrations
* Hepatic insufficiency
* Young foals (normal by 60 days)
=== Complementary tests ===
Creatinine and phosphorus. Urine specific gravity (<1.020 in a dehydrated or azotaemic horse suggests renal tubular dysfunction). Urine clearance or fractional electrolyte excretion ratios (renal tubular dysfunction).
Test Codes - Please visit www.nwlabs.co.uk or see our current price list for more information
== Authors & References ==
[[NationWide Laboratories]]