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Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) (Atypical Cushing’s disease, peripheral Cushing’s disease) (view source)
Revision as of 13:10, 22 April 2022
, 13:10, 22 April 2022no edit summary
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== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
EMS results in significant peripheral insulin resistance; the exact etiology is unknown. It tends to be seen in horses <10 years. EMS is a syndrome of obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and laminitis. Obesity is not a significant factor on its own and appears to be strongly linked to genetic predisposition especially in some of the susceptible British breeds of ponies. Clinical signs include recurrent laminitis that is often seasonal, PuPd and abnormal weight distribution (including ‘cresty’ neck). Hirsutism, abnormal coat shedding and sweating are not usually found in EMS and this helps in the differentiation with PPID. Basal cortisol levels are normally significantly increased above the reference range. Insulin levels are frequently raised but there is considerable variation over a 24 hour period. Endogenous ACTH is expected to be within the normal range or borderline high. Animals test negative on an overnight dexamethasone test, so this is the test of choice to differentiate EMS and PPID. Basal cortisol and insulin may also be useful.
EMS results in significant peripheral insulin resistance; the exact etiology is unknown. It tends to be seen in horses <10 years. EMS is a syndrome of obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and laminitis. Obesity is not a significant factor on its own and appears to be strongly linked to genetic predisposition especially in some of the susceptible British breeds of ponies. Clinical signs include recurrent laminitis that is often seasonal, PuPd and abnormal weight distribution (including ‘cresty’ neck). Hirsutism, abnormal coat shedding and sweating are not usually found in EMS and this helps in the differentiation with PPID. Basal cortisol levels are normally significantly increased above the reference range. Insulin levels are frequently raised but there is considerable variation over a 24 hour period. Endogenous ACTH is expected to be within the normal range or borderline high. Animals test negative on an overnight dexamethasone test, so this is the test of choice to differentiate EMS and PPID. Basal cortisol and insulin may also be useful.
== Authors & References ==
== Authors & References ==
[[NationWide Laboratories]]
[[NationWide Laboratories]]
[[Category:Investigation_of_equine_adrenocortical_disorders]]