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==Introduction==
==Introduction==
Deglutition is the process of swallowing. Food is passed from the [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|oral pharynx]] into the oesophageal/laryngeal pharynx whilst the [[epiglottis]] closes across the entrance of the trachea.
Deglutition is the process of swallowing. Food is passed from the [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|oral pharynx]] into the oesophageal/laryngeal [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] whilst the [[epiglottis]] closes across the entrance of the trachea.
It is a voluntary reflex preventing food from passing into the trachea causing choking and eventually respiratory pneumonia.
It is a voluntary reflex preventing food from passing into the trachea causing choking and eventually respiratory pneumonia.
==Process==
==Process==
1. Masticated and insalivated food is cupped by the [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] on its dorsal surface and the tip of the [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] pushes dorsally against the [[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|soft palate]]
1. [[Mastication|Masticated]] and insalivated food is cupped by the [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] on its dorsal surface and the tip of the [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] pushes dorsally against the [[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|soft palate]]
2. The jaws are closed. The mylohyoid, hyoglossal and stylohyoid mucles raises the [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] and pushes the bolus into the [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|oropharynx]]. When the food touches the pharyngeal mucosa the swallowing reflex is initiated.
2. The jaws are closed. The mylohyoid, hyoglossal and stylohyoid mucles raises the [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] and pushes the bolus into the [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|oropharynx]]. When the food touches the pharyngeal mucosa the swallowing reflex is initiated.
3. [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|Oropharynx]] relaxes and [[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|soft palate]] elevated by the levator velli palatini muscle. Pharyngeopalatine arch closes by palatopharyngeus.
3. [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|Oropharynx]] relaxes and [[Soft Palate - Anatomy & Physiology|soft palate]] elevated by the levator velli palatini muscle. Pharyngeopalatine arch closes by palatopharyngeus.
4. Hyoid moved rostro-dorsally by geniohyoid and pterygopharyngeus contracts bringing common pharynx forward to engulf bolus.
4. [[Hyoid Apparatus - Anatomy & Physiology|Hyoid]] moved rostro-dorsally by geniohyoid and pterygopharyngeus contracts bringing common [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] forward to engulf bolus.
5. [[Epiglottis]] bends back to prevent food entering [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]].
5. [[Epiglottis]] bends back to prevent food entering [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]].
6. Bolus enters oesophageal pharynx and [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] relaxes. Bolus is passed on down [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] by a concentric series of contractions by each set of contractor muscle in turn called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peristalsis| peristalsis]
6. Bolus enters oesophageal [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] and [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] relaxes. Bolus is passed on down [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] by a concentric series of contractions by each set of contractor muscle in turn called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peristalsis| peristalsis]
7. Pharyngeopalatine arch reopens, hyoid moves back by genioohyoid and glottis reopens.
7. Pharyngeopalatine arch reopens, [[Hyoid Apparatus - Anatomy & Physiology|hyoid]] moves back by geniohyoid and glottis reopens.
==Links==
==Links==
[[Diseases of the conducting airways]]
[[Diseases of the conducting airways]]