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*Digastricus muscle
*Digastricus muscle
−**Origin: paracondylar process of occipital bone
+**Origin: paracondylar process of [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Occipital Bone (os occipitale)|occipital bone]]
−**Insertion: angle of mandible
+**Insertion: angle of [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Mandible (mandibula)|mandible]]
**Two bellies:
**Two bellies:
***Caudal half from the second visceral arch innervated by facial nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN VII]])
***Caudal half from the second visceral arch innervated by facial nerve ([[Nervous System - CNS - Anatomy & Physiology#Innervation - Cranial Nerves|CN VII]])
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*Masseter muscle
*Masseter muscle
−**Origin: maxilliary region of skull and zygomatic arch
+**Origin: [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Maxilla|maxilliary]] region of skull and zygomatic arch
−**Insertion: wide area on caudal side of mandible
+**Insertion: wide area on caudal side of [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Mandible (mandibula)|mandible]]
**Several divisions
**Several divisions
**Unilateral and bilateral contraction
**Unilateral and bilateral contraction
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*Lateral Pterygoid muscle
*Lateral Pterygoid muscle
−**Origin: pterygopalatine region of skull
+**Origin: [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Pterygoid Bone (os pterygoideum)|pterygopalatine]] region of skull
−**Insertion: lateral aspect of mandible
+**Insertion: lateral aspect of [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Mandible (mandibula)|mandible]]
**Also protrudes jaw (one-sided contraction)
**Also protrudes jaw (one-sided contraction)
*Medial Pterygoid muscle
*Medial Pterygoid muscle
−**Origin: pterygopalatine region of skull
+**Origin: [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Pterygoid Bone (os pterygoideum)|pterygopalatine]] region of skull
−**Insertion: medial aspect of mandible
+**Insertion: medial aspect of [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Mandible (mandibula)|mandible]]
**One-sided contraction to close jaw
**One-sided contraction to close jaw
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Line 48:
**Origin: lateral surface of cranium
**Origin: lateral surface of cranium
**Insertion: coronoid process
**Insertion: coronoid process
−**Pulls mandible dorsally
+**Pulls [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Mandible (mandibula)|mandible]] dorsally
**Also pulls mandible rostrally (overbite) and caudally (underbite)
**Also pulls mandible rostrally (overbite) and caudally (underbite)
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'''Temperomandibular Joint'''
'''Temperomandibular Joint'''
−*Articulation between the condylar process of the mandible and the mandibular process of the skull
+*Articulation between the condylar process of the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Mandible (mandibula)|mandible]] and the mandibular process of the skull
*Compartmentalised joint for rotational movement and lateral slide (grinding)
*Compartmentalised joint for rotational movement and lateral slide (grinding)
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'''Mandibular Symphasis'''
'''Mandibular Symphasis'''
−*Rostral end of mandible
+*Rostral end of [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Mandible (mandibula)|mandible]]
−*Fibrous joint bewteen the left and right halves of the mandible
+*Fibrous joint bewteen the left and right halves of the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Mandible (mandibula)|mandible]]
*Only in dogs and ruminants
*Only in dogs and ruminants
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*Precise occlusion
*Precise occlusion
−*Mandibular bones can move apart independently by rotation
+*[[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Mandible (mandibula)|Mandibular]] bones can move apart independently by rotation
*Stops jaw breakages (Canid)
*Stops jaw breakages (Canid)