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* Sniff the perineum and flank of the females and frequently display a flehmen reaction.
 
* Sniff the perineum and flank of the females and frequently display a flehmen reaction.
 
* Males that roam freely with females will often chase them and force them to sit down by putting pressure on the neck and biting the hump, even if they are not receptive.  
 
* Males that roam freely with females will often chase them and force them to sit down by putting pressure on the neck and biting the hump, even if they are not receptive.  
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= Female =
    
= Copulation =
 
= Copulation =
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* Semen is deposited partly intra-uterine and partly intra-cervical or vaginal.
 
* Semen is deposited partly intra-uterine and partly intra-cervical or vaginal.
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= Female =
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In the UK, the aim is to mate females at around 1 year of age. As long as they are fully grown and well-nourished this results in acceptible levels of fertility and health in the mother and cria.  Once calved, the female will become receptive to the male again in 2-3 weeks.  The female should be able to conceive again if mated at this time.
 
In the UK, the aim is to mate females at around 1 year of age. As long as they are fully grown and well-nourished this results in acceptible levels of fertility and health in the mother and cria.  Once calved, the female will become receptive to the male again in 2-3 weeks.  The female should be able to conceive again if mated at this time.
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