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Respiratory Parasitic Infections - Pathology (view source)
Revision as of 21:31, 6 August 2008
, 21:31, 6 August 2008no edit summary
*Cause a proliferative endoarteritis
*Cause a proliferative endoarteritis
*More severe damage is caused however by eggs lodging in arterioles and capillaries
*More severe damage is caused however by eggs lodging in arterioles and capillaries
*In severe infection, this can result in [[Lungs - inflammatory#Infectious causes of pneumonia|pneumonia]] and [[Lungs Circulatory - Pathology#Pulmonary oedema|pulmonary oedema]] as an acute syndrome
*In severe infection, this can result in [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of pneumonia|pneumonia]] and [[Lungs Circulatory - Pathology#Pulmonary oedema|pulmonary oedema]] as an acute syndrome
*Circulatory impedance can result in congestive cardiac failure
*Circulatory impedance can result in congestive cardiac failure
*Particularly a problem if dogs eats snails
*Particularly a problem if dogs eats snails
*Some dogs cough but often no symptoms
*Some dogs cough but often no symptoms
*Mild catharral inflammation
*Mild catharral inflammation
*In heavy infestation may cause obstruction of the lumen of airways and may develop into secondary [[Lungs - inflammatory#Bronchopneumonia|bronchopneumonia]]
*In heavy infestation may cause obstruction of the lumen of airways and may develop into secondary [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Bronchopneumonia|bronchopneumonia]]
===Toxoplasmosis===
===Toxoplasmosis===
*Often show clinical signs when immunosuppressed
*Often show clinical signs when immunosuppressed
*Involves many different tissues
*Involves many different tissues
*Multifocal necrotising [[Lungs - inflammatory#Interstitial pneumonia|interstitial pneumonia]]
*Multifocal necrotising [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Interstitial pneumonia|interstitial pneumonia]]
*Proliferation of type II pneumocytes
*Proliferation of type II pneumocytes
*Macrophage and neutrophil infiltration
*Macrophage and neutrophil infiltration
===[[Metastrongyloidae|''Aelurostrongylus abstrussus'']]===
===[[Metastrongyloidae|''Aelurostrongylus abstrussus'']]===
*Live in [[Lungs - inflammatory|lung parenchyma]] and [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of bronchitis or bronchiolitis|small bronchioles]]
*Live in [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology|lung parenchyma]] and [[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of bronchitis or bronchiolitis|small bronchioles]]
*Grossly:
*Grossly:
**Firm yellow nodules scattered throughout parenchyma, more frequently at periphery
**Firm yellow nodules scattered throughout parenchyma, more frequently at periphery
===[[Ascaridoidea|''Parascaris equorum'']]===
===[[Ascaridoidea|''Parascaris equorum'']]===
*Causes transient [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of rhinitis|nasal discharge]] when migrating through [[Lungs - inflammatory#Infectious causes of pneumonia|lungs]]
*Causes transient [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of rhinitis|nasal discharge]] when migrating through [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of pneumonia|lungs]]
**Foals and weanlings
**Foals and weanlings
***Egg-producing mature worms
***Egg-producing mature worms
***[[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Bronchitis|Bronchitis]] - due to mature worms
***[[Bronchi and Bronchioles Inflammatory - Pathology#Bronchitis|Bronchitis]] - due to mature worms
***[[Lungs - inflammatory#Verminous pneumonia|Parasitic pneumonia]] - due to aspiration of eggs and larvae -> cellular infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, giant cells
***[[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Verminous pneumonia|Parasitic pneumonia]] - due to aspiration of eggs and larvae -> cellular infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, giant cells
**Postpatent phase (weeks 8-12)
**Postpatent phase (weeks 8-12)
***Majority of worms are expelled
***Majority of worms are expelled
*Two other types of lesion in lung tissue due to this worm have been reported:
*Two other types of lesion in lung tissue due to this worm have been reported:
**Nodules (2-4mm in diameter) with greenish centres in the reinfection of an immune animal - the host mounting a successful defence and preventing larval migration
**Nodules (2-4mm in diameter) with greenish centres in the reinfection of an immune animal - the host mounting a successful defence and preventing larval migration
**Pulmonary oedema and emphysema - thought to be a hypersensitivity response to a massive invasion of larvae in previously- sensitised animals - the gross and microscopic appearance is similar to that of [[Lungs - inflammatory#Acute bovine pulmonary emphysema and oedema (ABPEE)|fog fever]]
**Pulmonary oedema and emphysema - thought to be a hypersensitivity response to a massive invasion of larvae in previously- sensitised animals - the gross and microscopic appearance is similar to that of [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Acute bovine pulmonary emphysema and oedema (ABPEE)|fog fever]]
===Hydatid cysts===
===Hydatid cysts===
*Rarely any clinical significance
*Rarely any clinical significance
*Grossly:
*Grossly:
**Multifocal [[Lungs - inflammatory#Interstitial pneumonia|interstitial]] [[Lungs - inflammatory#Infectious causes of pneumonia|pneumonia]] grossly evident as firm "lead-shot" nodules throughout the parenchyma, often with enveloping granulomatous response
**Multifocal [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Interstitial pneumonia|interstitial]] [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Infectious causes of pneumonia|pneumonia]] grossly evident as firm "lead-shot" nodules throughout the parenchyma, often with enveloping granulomatous response
**Early stages are reddish in colour, turning later to greyish green, may calcify
**Early stages are reddish in colour, turning later to greyish green, may calcify
**Mostly in dorsal region of caudal lung lobes
**Mostly in dorsal region of caudal lung lobes
===[[Ascaris suum|''Ascaris suum'']]===
===[[Ascaris suum|''Ascaris suum'']]===
*May cause [[Lungs - inflammatory#Verminous pneumonia|parasitic pneumonia]] during a part of its migration
*May cause [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Verminous pneumonia|parasitic pneumonia]] during a part of its migration
*Larvae may be infected with [[Respiratory Viral Infections - Pathology#Swine influenza|Swine influenza]]
*Larvae may be infected with [[Respiratory Viral Infections - Pathology#Swine influenza|Swine influenza]]
*May cause severe pneumonia in calves housed where infected pigs were housed previously
*May cause severe pneumonia in calves housed where infected pigs were housed previously
*Cause diffuse [[Lungs - inflammatory#Interstitial pneumonia|interstitial pneumonia]] with haemorrhage, [[Lungs Ventilation - Pathology#Atelectasis (Collapse)|atelectasis]], [[Lungs Circulatory - Pathology#Pulmonary oedema|interlobular oedema]] and [[Lungs Ventilation - Pathology#Emphysema|emphysema]]
*Cause diffuse [[Lungs Inflammatory - Pathology#Interstitial pneumonia|interstitial pneumonia]] with haemorrhage, [[Lungs Ventilation - Pathology#Atelectasis (Collapse)|atelectasis]], [[Lungs Circulatory - Pathology#Pulmonary oedema|interlobular oedema]] and [[Lungs Ventilation - Pathology#Emphysema|emphysema]]