Changes

'''Scapula'''

'''Scapula'''

The Scapula forms the basis of the shoulder region, providing points of attachment of extrinsic and intrinsic muscles.  It is held in place by a synsarcosis of muscles and does not form a conventional articulation with the trunk.

The Scapula forms the basis of the shoulder region, providing points of attachment of extrinsic and intrinsic muscles.  It is held in place by a synsarcosis of muscles and does not form a conventional articulation with the trunk.

**In ungulates, the dorsal border is extended by a scapular cartilage, which enlarges the area for muscle attachment.  This ossifies with age.

*In ungulates, the dorsal border is extended by a scapular cartilage, which enlarges the area for muscle attachment.  This ossifies with age.

**The bone is roughly triangular, with a prominent '''spine''' that can be palpated through the skin

*The bone is roughly triangular, with a prominent '''spine''' that can be palpated through the skin

**The spine defines '''Infraspinous''' and '''Supraspinous''' '''Fossae''', inhabited by muscles accordingly

*The spine defines '''Infraspinous''' and '''Supraspinous''' '''Fossae''', inhabited by muscles accordingly

**The spine serves as a point of attachment for the '''trapezius''' muscle

*The spine serves as a point of attachment for the '''trapezius''' muscle

**The spine culminates in the '''acromion''' in all but the horse and pig

*The spine culminates in the '''acromion''' in all but the horse and pig

**Medial muscle attachment comprises mostly of the '''subscapularis''', with the '''serratus ventralis''' attaching dorsally

*Medial muscle attachment comprises mostly of the '''subscapularis''', with the '''serratus ventralis''' attaching dorsally

**The Scapula articulates with the '''[[Humerus - Anatomy & Physiology|Humerus]]''' at the '''Glenoid cavity'''

*The Scapula articulates with the '''[[Humerus - Anatomy & Physiology|Humerus]]''' at the '''Glenoid cavity'''

*'''[[Clavicle - Anatomy & Physiology|Clavicle]]'''

*'''[[Clavicle - Anatomy & Physiology|Clavicle]]'''