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Forelimb - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 14:24, 14 August 2008
, 14:24, 14 August 2008→Extrinsic Musculature Forelimb
*Body: two parts, cervical and thoracic separated by aponeurosis
*Body: two parts, cervical and thoracic separated by aponeurosis
*Action: raises scapula against the trunk and swings cranially to advance the limb
*Action: raises scapula against the trunk and swings cranially to advance the limb
*Innervation: accessory n.
'''''Brachiocephalic m.'''''
'''''Brachiocephalic m.'''''
*Two parts separated by the clavicle
*Two parts separated by the clavicle where it exists
*Caudal: '''cleidobrachialis'''
*Origin: clavicle or vestigial fibrous intersection
**passes between clavicle and humerus and functions as part of the deltoideus
*Insertion: several places on the head and neck
*Cranial:
*Actions:
**passes cranially to clavicle to several attachments in the head and neck
**advances the limb and extends the shoulder joint when limb is in motion
**draws head and neck ventrally when limb is fixed
*Innervation: accessory n.
'''''Omotransversarius'''''
'''''Omotransversarius'''''
*Insertion: acromion and adjacent scapula
*Insertion: acromion and adjacent scapula
*Action: advancing the limb
*Action: advancing the limb
*Innervation: accessory n.
'''''Latissimus dorsi'''''
'''''Latissimus dorsi'''''
*The '''broadest muscle of the back'''
*Origin: thoracolumbar fascia
*Insertion: teres tuberosity of the humerus
*Actions: antagonist to the brachiocephalic m.
**cranial fibers strap scapula to the chest
**retracts free limb and flexes shoulder joint
**draws trunk forward over the fixed limb
*Innervation: local branch of brachial plexus
'''''Pectoral mm.'''''
'''''Pectoral mm.'''''
*Two parts, cranial and caudal
*Origin: cranial sternum
*Insertion:
**cranial ('''descending'''): crest of the humerus distal to the deltoid tuberosity
**caudal ('''transverse'''): covers elbow joint to insert on the medial fascia of the forearm
*Action: adduct the forelimb, assist in protraction and retraction
*Innervation: local branches of the brachial plexus
'''''Serratis ventralis'''''
'''''Serratis ventralis'''''
===Deep Musculature Forelimb===
===Muscles of the Elbow===
===Muscles of Supination and Pronation ===