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Forelimb - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 11:09, 15 August 2008
, 11:09, 15 August 2008→Intrinsic Musculature
===Intrinsic Musculature===
===Intrinsic Musculature===
====Muscles of the Shoulder====
====Muscles of the Shoulder====
These muscles are grouped:
*Lateral:'''Supraspinatus ''' and '''Infraspinatus'''
**Origin: the fossae of the scapula
**Insertion: both tubercles of the humerus
**Action: brace the shoulder
**Innervation: Suprascapular n. of the brachial plexus
**Clinical significance: bursa between the tendon of the infraspinatus and lateral tubercle of the humerus can be the site of inflammation
*Medial:
**'''Supscapularis'''
***Origin: Deep surface of the scapula
***Insertion: medial tubercle of the humerus
***Action: braces medial shoulder joint, potential adductor
***Innervation: Subscapular nerve from the brachial plexus
**'''Coracobrachialis'''
***Origin: medial supraglenoid tubercle
***Insertion: proximal shaft of the humerus
***Action: fixator
***Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve of the brachial plexus
*Caudal (Flexors):
**'''Deltoids'''
***Origin: caudal border and spine of the scapula
****One head in the horse and two in species with an acromion (site of second origin)
***Insertion: deltoid tuberosity on the humerus
**'''Teres Major'''
***Origin: dorsal part of the caudal scapula
***Insertion: teres tuberosity midway down humerus
**'''Teres Minor'''
**Actions: Act together to flex the shoulder joint
**Innervation: Axillary nerve of the brachial plexus
====Muscles of the Elbow====
====Muscles of the Elbow====