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Forelimb - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 12:40, 15 August 2008
, 12:40, 15 August 2008→Muscles of the Shoulder
====Muscles of the Shoulder====
====Muscles of the Shoulder====
These muscles are grouped:
These muscles are grouped:
*Lateral:'''Supraspinatus ''' and '''Infraspinatus'''
*Lateral:'''Supraspinatus ''' and '''Infraspinatus''', Suprascapular n. of the brachial plexus
**Origin: the fossae of the scapula
**Origin: the fossae of the scapula
**Insertion: both tubercles of the humerus
**Insertion: both tubercles of the humerus
**Action: brace the shoulder
**Action: brace the shoulder
**Clinical significance: bursa between the tendon of the infraspinatus and lateral tubercle of the humerus can be the site of inflammation
**Clinical significance: bursa between the tendon of the infraspinatus and lateral tubercle of the humerus can be the site of inflammation
*Medial:
*Medial:
**'''Supscapularis'''
**'''Supscapularis''': Subscapular n. from the brachial plexus
***Origin: Deep surface of the scapula
***Origin: Deep surface of the scapula
***Insertion: medial tubercle of the humerus
***Insertion: medial tubercle of the humerus
***Action: braces medial shoulder joint, potential adductor
***Action: braces medial shoulder joint, potential adductor
**'''Coracobrachialis''': Musculocutaneous n. of the brachial plexus
**'''Coracobrachialis'''
***Origin: medial supraglenoid tubercle
***Origin: medial supraglenoid tubercle
***Insertion: proximal shaft of the humerus
***Insertion: proximal shaft of the humerus
***Action: fixator
***Action: fixator
***Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve of the brachial plexus
*Caudal (Flexors): Axillary n. of the brachial plexus
**'''Deltoids'''
**'''Deltoids'''
***Origin: caudal border and spine of the scapula
***Origin: caudal border and spine of the scapula
**'''Teres Minor'''
**'''Teres Minor'''
**Actions: Act together to flex the shoulder joint
**Actions: Act together to flex the shoulder joint
*There are no defined extensors of the shoulder. Those involved (brachiocephalic m., biceps brachii, supraspinatus, and ascending pectorals) have other, more primary roles.
*There are no defined extensors of the shoulder. Those involved (brachiocephalic m., biceps brachii, supraspinatus, and ascending pectorals) have other, more primary roles.
====Muscles of the Elbow====
====Muscles of the Elbow====