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==Introduction==
See [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|anatomy and physiology of the oral cavity]]
==Defence Mechanisms==
==Developmental Pathology==
==Erosive & Ulcerative Pathology==
==Vesicular Pathology==
==Neutrophilic Inflammation==
==Granulomatous and pyogranulomatous Inflammation==
==Eosinophilic Inflammation==
==Necrotizing Inflammation==
==Lymphocytic and plasmacytic Inflammation==
==Immune Mediated Pathology==
===Autoimmune===
===Hypersensitivity===
==Proliferative Pathology==
===Hyperplastic===
===Papular===
===Neoplastic===
====Adenomas====
[[Image:dogpap1.gif|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Oral Papilloma Neoplasia in Dog (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]
*Adenomas are unusual but may develop in oropharyngeal salivary tissue.
====Melanomas====
*Melanomas can arise anywhere in the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] and are almost invariably malignant with early and widespread metastasis.
*Many are poorly pigmented or even amelanotic and may only be distinguished from squamous carcinomas by histological examination.
====Papillomas====
*The common benign epithelial tumour of the [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|oropharynx]] is the papilloma, which is very often caused by infection with certain types of species-specific papilloma viruses.
====Squamous cell Carcinoma====
[[Image:cowpap1.gif|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Papilloma and Squamous Cell Carninoma of Epiglottis (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]
*Squamous cell carcinomas are the malignant equivalent of the papilloma and may arise anywhere within the [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|oropharynx]].
**Those arising over the tonsil (squamous carcinoma of the tonsil or tonsillar carcinoma) are '''very malignant''', invading adjacent tissues and metastasising early.
**Squamous carcinomas of the [[Tongue - Pathology|tongue]] (especially in '''cats''') can also behave in a very malignant fashion. Those at more rostral sites, e.g. on the incisor gingivae, are less likely to metastasise early although they may be locally aggressive.
**Squamous cell carcinomas of the [[Oral Cavity - Oropharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|oropharynx]] in cattle are commonly seen as part of an [[Oesophagus#Upper Alimentary Tract Carcinoma Complex|upper alimentary tract carcinoma complex]].
====Other Neoplasms====
[[Image:fibrosarc.gif|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Fibrosarcoma (Courtesy of Alun Williams (RVC))</center></small>]]
*Both benign and malignant connective tissue tumours do occur,
**e.g. fibroma, fibrosarcoma, osteoma, osteosarcoma.
==Degenerative Pathology==
==Metabolic Pathology==
==Nutritional Pathology==
==Traumatic Pathology==
===Stick injuries in dog===
*Sticks may damage to pharynx with oedema and swelling in [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] and secondary infection.
*Pieces of wood may remain embedded in back of throat resulting in chronic inflammation.
*Can kill dog.
==Vascular Pathology==
==(Other)==
==Learning Tools==
[[Alimentary Flashcards - Pathology#Oropharynx Flashcards|Oropharynx Flashcards]]