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Bovine Forelimb - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 10:44, 26 August 2008
, 10:44, 26 August 2008→Joints of the Proximal Forelimb
===Shoulder Joint===
===Shoulder Joint===
The shoulder joint links the humerus and the scapula at the '''glenoid cavity''', which is much smaller than the head of the humerus. While structually it is a [[Joints - Anatomy & Physiology#Types of Joints|'''ball and socket''']] joint, it functions as a [[Joints - Anatomy & Physiology#Types of Joints|'''hinge joint''']] due to extensive muscling around the articulation. The joint capsule is enlarged and extends under the tendon of the biceps, acting as a synovial sheath to protect the tendon.
*The joint capsule attaches a very short distance from the periphery of the articular surfaces.
*The '''intertubercular (bicipital) bursa''' lies between the humeral tubercles cushioning the bicipital tendon.
*The bursa and tendon are held in place by the '''transverse humeral retinaculum''' running between the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus.
===Elbow Joint===
===Elbow Joint===
*The joint capsule attaches to the articular surface of the condyle, the periphery of the olecranon fossa and the articular cartilage of the trochlear notch of the ulna. It fuses with the collateral ligaments.
*Paired collateral ligaments attach the epicondyles to the tuberosities of the radius and ulna.
*The point of the elbow, or the '''olecranon''' is formed by the anconeal process of the ulna inserting into the olecranon fossa of the humerus
==Common Structures of the Distal Forelimb==
==Common Structures of the Distal Forelimb==